MXene/Cd(N_(3))_(2)复合薄膜起爆药的制备及性能研究

Preparation and Performance of a novel film Primary Explosive of MXene/Cd(N_(3))_(2)

针对深空复杂应用环境对火工品耐高温起爆药的迫切需求,通过静电相互作用的表面自组装方式构建了一种MXene基叠氮化镉(MXene/Cd(N_(3))_(2))复合薄膜耐高温起爆药。采用扫描电镜、X射线能谱、X射线衍射以及红外光谱对MXene/Cd(N_(3))_(2)复合薄膜起爆药的微观形貌及结构进行表征;通过差示扫描量热及热重等分析方法研究其热性能,并采用高速摄影记录其爆轰过程。结果表明:MXene纳米材料表面丰富的官能团可使Cd(N_(3))_(2)在MXene片层上分布均匀,粒径约50 nm,且在较大空隙中无沉积堆叠现象;MXene纳米材料的高比表面积和优异的导热性能可有效促进Cd(N_(3))_(2)的热分解,热分解温度为378.42℃;MXene纳米材料与Cd(N_(3))_(2)复合不会影响Cd(N_(3))_(2)的晶型及输出威力,制备所得的MXene/Cd(N_(3))_(2)复合薄膜起爆药以较少的药量即可实现点火起爆。

In view of the urgent demand for high‑temperature resistant initiators for pyrogenic products in complex application en‑vironments in deep space,primary explosive based on composite films of MXene/Cd(N_(3))_(2) with high‑temperature resistant was prepared by surface self‑assembly of electrostatic interaction.The morphology and structure of the composite film primary explosive were characterized by scanning electron microscopy,energy dispersive X‑ray spectroscopy,X‑ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopy.The thermal properties were studied by differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetry,and the detonation process was recorded by high‑speed photography.The results show that cadmium azide was evenly distributed on the MXene layer,and there was no deposition and stacking in the large gap.The introduction of MXene can effectively promote the thermal decomposition rate of cadmium azide.The combination of MXene material and cadmium azide didn’t affect the crystal form and detonation performance of cadmium azide.The prepared MXene/Cd(N_(3))_(2) composite film primary explosive can realize ignition and detonation with less charge.