NLRP3炎症小体在慢性肝病及肝损伤中的研究进展

Research progress of NLRP3 inflammasome in chronic liver disease and liver injury

NLRP3炎症小体广泛存在于肝实质和非实质细胞中,它可以感知和识别各种外源性和内源性危险信号,进而促进炎症介质的释放,触发免疫反应与细胞焦亡。近年来,随着对NLRP3炎症小体认识的逐步深入,其异常激活被认为与慢性肝病及肝损伤的发生、发展密切相关。因此,NLRP3炎症小体被认为是相关肝脏疾病治疗的一个重要分子靶点。本文主要讨论了NLRP3炎症小体的调控机制及其在酒精性肝病、非酒精性肝病、肝纤维化、药物性肝损伤中的相关研究进展,并总结了NLRP3炎症小体相关靶点抑制剂在慢性肝病及肝损伤中的应用,从而为NLRP3炎症小体在慢性肝病及肝损伤中的相关研究和新药开发提供理论依据和参考。

The NLRP3 inflammasome is widely present in the hepatic parenchymal and non-parenchymal cells,which sense and recognize a variety of exogenous and endogenous danger signals,promoting the release of inflammatory cytokines,and thereby triggering immune responses and pyroptosis.In recent years,with the deepening of the understanding of NLRP3 inflammasome,its excessive activation has been thought to be closely related to the occurrence and development of chronic liver disease and liver injury.Therefore,the NLRP3 inflammasome is considered as an important molecular target for the treatment of liver diseases.In this review,we mainly focus on the recent advances on the regulation of NLRP3 inflammasome,as well as its role and underlying mechanism in alcoholic liver disease,non-alcoholic liver disease,liver fibrosis,and drug-induced liver injury.In addition,we also summarize the application of NLRP3 inflammasome related inhibitors in chronic liver disease and liver injury,so as to provide theoretical basis and reference for the research and new drug development of NLRP3 inflammasome in chronic liver disease and liver injury treatment.