细胞融合在人类疾病病理与医学应用中的研究进展

Research advances on the role of cell fusion in human pathology and its medical application

细胞融合包括细胞识别和黏附、融合孔开放以及胞质混合等基本步骤,它参与人类的许多生理病理过程。细胞融合为受精卵、胎盘、骨骼肌、破骨细胞等组织细胞正常发育所必需。同时,细胞融合在癌细胞的产生、恶性转移以及病毒入侵等人类重大疾病的发生发展中发挥了重要作用,这严重威胁人类的生命健康。本文围绕细胞融合参与的生理、病理过程,借助相关研究的最新进展,揭示细胞融合在人类疾病病理中的重要作用,进而提出了阻断细胞融合以减缓病毒入侵人体细胞以及肿瘤细胞的产生与扩散的治疗新策略;进一步探讨了细胞融合在干细胞介导的组织再生以及细胞重编程中的潜在作用。这将深化人们对细胞融合在相关疾病病理中作用的认识,并大力推进细胞融合分子的临床应用进程。

Cell fusion comprises three basic steps of cell recognition and adhesion,the opening of fusion pore and cytoplasmic mixing,and it participates in a number of physiological and pathological processes.Cell fusion is indispensable for the development of fertilized eggs,the placenta,skeletal muscle,and osteoclast cells.At the meanwhile,cell fusion plays critical roles in the occurrence and metastasis of malignant tumor cells,and the viral infection,which are seriously threatening the lives and health of mankind.Focusing on the processes in which cell fusion is involved,the important functions of cell fusion underlying human pathology are summarized with the latest advances and novel therapeutic strategies for slowing down the viral invasion,and the generation and spread of cancer cells are proposed.Furthermore,the potential applications of cell fusion in stem cell-mediated tissue regeneration and cell reprogramming are discussed.This will deepen our understanding on the roles cell fusion plays in related human diseases,and ultimately will facilitate the clinical application of cell fusion.