山丘区两库三站灌溉系统优化调度方法研究

Optimization Scheduling Method for Irrigation Systems with Two Reservoirs and Three Pumping Stations in Hilly Areas

【目的】研究山丘区“两库三站”灌溉系统优化调度方法。【方法】针对山丘区干旱年份2座水库、3座补库泵站联合调度的问题,构建“两库三站”灌溉系统优化调度模型,以各灌区各时段灌溉缺水量平方和最小为目标函数,以系统年可供水量、补库泵站年可供水量、补库泵站提水能力、水库优化调度准则等为约束条件。采用基于试验选优的大系统优化方法求解优化调度方案。【结果】以干旱年份江苏省南京市六合区山湖水库和泥桥水库联合优化调度为例,与优选参数的常规调度方案相比,泥桥灌区灌溉缺水量由35万m^(3)减少到0,山湖水库弃水量由45万m^(3)减少到0,引提河道水量由403万m^(3)增加到435万m^(3),山湖水库、泥桥水库的最后一时段末蓄水量由819万、145万m^(3)增加到初始蓄水量847万、159万m^(3)。【结论】采用基于试验选优的大系统优化方法求解优化调度方案,能有效减少水库弃水量,增加灌溉供水量,也能充分发挥补库泵站提水能力,减少补库泵站提水次数,此外,还可以实现对水库最后一时段末蓄水量特定取值的要求。

【Objective】This paper develops an optimal scheduling method for joint operation of two reservoirs and three pumping stations irrigation systems in hilly areas.【Method】Focusing on improving the efficiency of the pumping stations in dry years,we constructed the optimization model by minimizing the sum of the squares of the irrigation water shortages in each irrigation area and irrigation duration.The constraints to the optimization included annual water supply to the system,annual water supply to the pumping stations,lift capacity of the pumping stations,and optimal scheduling criteria of the reservoirs.The large system optimization method was used to solve the optimal scheduling.The model was applied to optimize the operation of Shanhu and Niqiao reservoirs in the Liuhe District in Nanjing City,Jiangsu province.【Result】Compared with conventional operation without optimization,the operation using the optimized parameters reduced the irrigation water shortage in Niqiao reservoir from 350000 m^(3) to 0,reduced the amount of abandoned water in Shanhu reservoir from 450000 m^(3) to 0,increased the amount of extracted river water in Shanhu reservoir from 4.03 million m^(3) to 4.35 million m^(3),reduced the terminated water storage in Shanhu and Niqiao reservoirs from the initial 8.19 million m^(3) and 1.45 million m^(3) to 8.47 million m^(3) and 1.59 million m^(3) at the end of the operation,respectively.【Conclusion】The proposed optimal method for reservoir operation can effectively reduce the amount of abandoned water and increase the amount of irrigation water supply.It can also give full play to the water lifting capacity of the pumping stations and reduce the number of times the pumping station needs to lift water to recharge the reservoirs.In addition,it also meets the requirements for the specific value of the terminal water storage of the reservoir.