媒体融合下新闻特殊职务作品模式的优势与优化

The Advantages and Optimization of the Mode of News Special Duty Work under the Media Convergence

媒体融合下,媒体的产业化一方面提升了新闻作品的价值,另一方面也使得新闻作品的著作权配置问题日益凸显。新《著作权法》第18条将新闻作品从一般职务作品转变为特殊职务作品,这种权利配置模式的转变引发了争议。其中,特殊职务作品模式符合实质性投入标准,且有助于新闻作品的有效利用,在风险承担上也优于一般职务作品模式。因此,《著作权法》的这一修订具有合理性,但为了保障记者利益,还应注重单位与记者之间的利益平衡。具体而言,一是要明确主要利用法人物质技术条件;二是允许媒体与记者就特殊职务作品收益进行约定;三是落实新闻职务作品奖励制度。

Under the convergence of media,the industrialization of the media on the one hand enhances the value of news works,and on the other hand makes the issue of copyright allocation of news works increasingly prominent.Art-icle 18 of the new Copyright Law has caused controversy to change the rights allo-cation mode of works of media authors from general job works to special job works.The mode of special job works meets the substantive input criteria and con-tributes to the effective use of news works.In terms of risk-taking,this model is also superior to the general work-for-job model.Therefore,this revision of the Copyright Law is reasonable.In order to protect the interests of journalists,atten-tion should be paid to the balance of interests between units and journalists.Spe-cifically,the first is to clarify the material and technical conditions for the main use of legal persons;the second is to allow the media and reporters to agree on the benefits of special work works;the third is to implement news work works re-wards system.