390型柴油机起动时增压器倒烟原因分析及排查

Analysis and Troubleshooting of Supercharger Smoke When Starting 390 Diesel Engine

390型柴油机起动时增压器进气滤网处出现倒烟现象,根据柴油机起动时的故障现象,结合该型柴油机系统结构特点,分析可能造成柴油机起动时倒烟的原因,并通过拆解喷油器、校验、调整喷油泵供油时间,检查空气分配器及启动空气正时,配气时间和气阀间隙,调速器及调油机构等可能造成故障的因素。最终确定了造柴油机起动时增压器倒烟的原因,并采取措施排除故障,解决了困扰船方多年的难题。

When the 390 diesel engine is started,the smoke pours out of the air intake filter of the supercharger.According to the failure phenomenon of the diesel engine when it is started,combined with the structural characteristics of the diesel engine system,the possible causes of the smoke pours out when it is started are analyzed.By disassembling the fuel injector,calibrating and adjusting the fuel supply time of the fuel injection pump,the factors that may cause the failure are checked,such as air distributor and starting air timing,gas distribution time and valve clearance,governor and oil regulating mechanism.Finally,the causes of smoke pouring from the supercharger when the diesel engine is started are determined,and measures are taken to eliminate the fault,which has solved the problem that has plagued the ship for many years.