“双减”落地过程中教师开展教学变革的阻力因素与突破路径

Hampering Factors and Breakthrough Paths for Teachers to Carry out Teaching Reform inImplementing“Double Reduction”Policy

课程与教学的改革创新是“双减”政策落地的着力点,核心素养导向、活动驱动教学、课堂提质增效、作业控量提质、评价指向发展是“双减”和新课标对教学改革的内在诉求。为深入了解中小学教师开展教学变革面临的阻力和困境,选取来自4个省份的12名一线教师和2位校长进行深度访谈。综合访谈结果进行分析,发现面对“双减”这项系统工程,教师的教学变革普遍面临教师教学思维滞后与固化、课后延时服务加剧工学矛盾、刚性实施影响教师专业自主、现行评价制约教师改革意愿等系列阻滞因素。为推进“双减”政策有效实施,亟须突破上述教学变革困境,重视教师的课程理解和教学转化,优化作业的结构设计与管理机制,精准发力推进一线教师减负工作,深化评价改革引领教学变革航向。

The reform and innovation of curriculum and teaching is the focus of the implementation of the“Double Reduction”policy.Meanwhile,the core literacy orientation,activity-driven teaching,classroom improvement and efficiency,homework control and quality improvement,and evaluation-oriented development are the internal demands of“Double Reduction”and new curriculum standard for teaching reform.In order to gain a deeper understanding of the resistance and dilemmas faced by primary and secondary school teachers in carrying out teaching reform,twelvefront-line teachers and two principals from four provinces were selected for in-depth interviews.The results of the interviews suggest that teachers teaching reform generally faces a series of obstacles in the process of implementing“Double Reduction”,such as teachers out-of-date ideas of teaching,the conflict between work and learning as a result of after-school extended hours services,impact of rigid implementation on teachers'professional autonomy,and restriction of teachers willingness to reform and innovate by the current evaluation measures.In order to promote the effective implementation of the“Double Reduction”policy,it is urgent to remove the above-mentioned obstacles in the teaching reform,attach importance to teachers'curriculum understanding and teaching transformation,optimize the structural design and management mechanism of homework,make precise efforts to reduce the burden of front-line teachers,and deepen the evaluation reform to lead the course of teaching reform.