应然与实然:“县管校聘”改革的价值取向、现实困境及破解之道

Ideal and Reality:The Value Orientation,Realistic Dilemmas,and Solutions of the Reform of“County Management and School Recruitment”

“县管校聘”改革是破除教师管理体制性障碍的系统工程,其出台有着充分的现实依据和制度基础。在应然层面,“县管校聘”改革既是义务教育优质均衡发展的需要,又是健全教师管理制度的需要,其价值取向在于强化教师的身份属性、激发教师内驱力、理顺政府与学校间权责关系,进一步推动义务教育优质均衡发展。在实然层面,“县管校聘”改革面临政策内容模糊、跨部门协同尚未形成、目标群体激励和保障机制还不健全等现实问题,政策实施陷入困境。因此,“县管校聘”改革应加强顶层设计,出台专项政策;采取“高位推动”和“对话互动”相结合的政策执行模式,发挥其优势,破除跨部门协同障碍;在充分考虑目标群体利益诉求的基础上,完善配套政策,发挥激励作用,充分调动教师积极性。

The reform of“County Management and School Recruitment”is a systematic project to break through the institutional barriers of teacher management,and its implementation has sufficient practical logical basis and institutional foundation.At the level of necessity,the reform of“County Management and School Recruitment”is not only a need for the high-quality and balanced development of compulsory education,but also a need to improve the teacher management system.Its value orientation lies in further strengthening the identity and attributes of teachers,stimulating their internal drive,streamlining the power and responsibility relationship between the government and schools,and promoting the high-quality and balanced development of compulsory education.At the practical level,there are still practical problems in the reform of“County Management and School Recruitment”,such as high ambiguity in policy text content,lack of cross departmental collaboration,and incomplete incentive and guarantee mechanisms for target groups,which have led to difficulties in policy implementation.Therefore,the reform of“County Management and School Recruitment”should strengthen top-level design and introduce special policies;By adopting a policy implementation model that combines“high-level driving and high-level promotion”and“dialogue and interaction”,we can leverage its advantages and overcome obstacles to cross departmental collaboration;On the basis of fully considering the interests and demands of the target group,we will improve the supporting policy system and work together to effectively implement the“County Management and School Recruitment”reform,playing an incentive role and fully mobilizing the enthusiasm of teachers.