玉米农艺性状与单株产量的灰色关联度和通径分析

Grey correlation degree and path analysis of agronomic traints and yield per plant of maize

以115个杂交组合为研究对象,对玉米的株高、穗位高、穗上节间数、雄穗长、雄穗分枝数、单穗轴质量、穗长、穗粗、穗行数、行粒数和单株产量11个性状进行了灰色关联度分析与通径分析.统计分析结果表明,单穗轴质量、雄穗分枝数、雄穗长和穗位高变异系数超过10%,说明这些性状具有较高的改良性.灰色关联度分析表明,穗长与单株产量的关联度系数最大,为0.807;其他10个性状间雄穗长与穗位高的关联度最大,为0.854.相关性分析表明,单穗轴质量、穗长和行粒数与单株产量呈极显著正相关,穗位高与单株产量呈显著正相关,其中行粒数、穗长与单株产量的相关性最大,分别为0.365和0.356.通径分析表明,单穗轴质量对单株产量的直接影响最大,直接通径系数为0.223;穗长通过行粒数对单株产量的间接影响最大,间接通径系数为0.133.本研究利用灰色关联度分析方法和通径分析方法所得结果一致,相关数据可为玉米新品种选育提供依据.

In this study,with 115 hybrid combinations of maize as the research materials,plant height,ear height,above ear internode number,tassel length,tassel branch number,cob weight per ear,ear length,ear diameter,ear rows number,kernels number per row and yield per plant were carried out grey correlation analysis and path analysis.The results of statistical analysis showed that the coefficient of variation of cob weight per ear,tassel branch number,tassel length and ear height was larger than 10%,indicating that there was of high improvement for these traits.Grey correlation analysis showed that the correlation coefficient between ear length and yield per plant was 0.807.The correlation between tassel length and ear height among the 10 traits was the highest,which was 0.854.The correlation analysis showed that cob weight per ear,ear length and kernel number per row were significantly positively correlated with the yield per plant,and the ear height was significantly positively correlated with the yield per plant,among which the correlation between kernel number per row,ear length and yield per plant was the largest,which were 0.365 and 0.356 respectively.Path analysis showed that the direct impact of the cob weight per ear on the yield per plant was the largest,and the direct path coefficient was 0.223.The ear length has the largest indirect impact on the yield per plant through the kernel number per row,and the indirect path coefficient was 0.133.The results of the grey correlation analysis was consistent with that of the path analysis,and the relevant data should provide a basis for the breeding of new maize varieties.