昭通市马铃薯病毒病发生情况分析

Analysis on the Occurrence of Potato Virus Disease in Zhaotong City

为了解昭通市马铃薯种薯质量及生产中病毒病发生情况,在马铃薯主产区昭阳区、大关县、鲁甸县、镇雄县、彝良县、巧家县采集具有典型病毒病症状的样品、疑似病毒样品和随机无症状样品共计90个。应用DAS-ELISA方法检测6种马铃薯主要病毒PVX、PVY、PVS、PLRV、PVM和PVA。结果表明,各县区样品普遍有病毒感染,其中PVA检出率最高,PVS最低。不同级别种薯病毒发病率最高的为PVA,最低的为PVS。其中感染率表现为原原种<原种<商品薯。因此推广马铃薯脱毒种薯是马铃薯病毒病防治的重要方法,同时在生产中主要以预防为主,通过减少蚜虫等传毒媒介对病毒的传播来减少病毒对马铃薯的危害。

In order to know more about the quality of potato seed and the occurrence of virus disease in potato production in Zhaotong City,we collected 90 samples with typical symptoms of virus disease,suspected virus samples and random disease-free samples in main potato production areas of Zhaoyang District,Daguan County,Ludian County,Zhenxiong County,Yiliang County and Qiaojia County.DAS-ELISA was used for detecting six main potato viruses:potato virus X(PVX),potato virus Y(PVY),potato virus M(PVM),potato virus S(PVS),potato virus A(PVA)and potato leaf roll virus(PLRV).The results showed that virus infection was common in the samples from all counties,and the detection rate of PVA was the highest,while PVS was the lowest.PVA was the highest and PVS was the lowest in different grades of seed potato quality.The infection rate of microtuber seed potatoes<original seed potatoes<commercial seed potatoes.The prevention and control of potato virus disease should start from the promotion of virus-free seed potato,and prevention should be given priority in production.The harm of potato virus should be reduced by reducing the transmission of virus by aphid and other transmission vectors.