不同产地灰枣中主要活性成分比较分析

Comparative Analysis of Main Active Components in Grey Jujube from Different Producing Areas

[目的]比较在不同产地自然环境条件下灰枣果实主要活性成分的差异。[方法]对产自河南新郑市孟庄镇、宁夏中宁县枣园乡、新疆且末县阿热勒镇3个产区的灰枣果实的主要活性成分含量差异进行分析,并利用主成分分析方法进行综合评价。[结果]灰枣果实性状比较分析,宁夏和新疆单果重较大,分别是69.44和62.53 g,河南单果重较小,为45.48 g;宁夏和新疆可食部分分别为64.17和59.50 g,也均大于河南。宁夏灰枣可溶性糖、蔗糖、葡萄糖、果糖、还原糖、粗纤维含量较高,其次是新疆,河南最低。宁夏的总黄酮和cAMP的含量较高,分别为4.17 mg/g和551.6μg/g。不同产地主要的气候条件与果实品质之间存在一定的相关性,其中日照时数影响最大,其次是光照强度、昼夜温差。结果表明日照时数越长,灰枣的可溶性糖、蔗糖、葡萄糖、果糖、粗纤维、总黄酮、cAMP含量越高,反之较低;光照强度和昼夜温差越大,也会促使灰枣的可溶性糖、总黄酮、cAMP含量增高。[结论]在不同的生态环境条件下,尤其日照时数对灰枣主要活性成分影响较大,光照强度和昼夜温差也会对灰枣品质产生不同程度的差异。

[Objective]To compare the differences in the main active components of grey jujube fruit under natural environmental conditions in different producing areas.[Method]This experiment had analyzed the difference in the main active ingredient content of gray jujube fruits from three producing areas of Mengzhuang Town,Xinzheng City,Henan Province,Zaoyuan Township,Zhongning County,Ningxia Province and Arele Town,Qiemo County,Xinjiang Province,a comprehensive evaluation was carried out using the main component analysis method.[Result]Comparative analysis of fruit traits of grey jujube showed that the single fruit weight in Ningxia and Xinjiang was relatively large,with 69.44 and 62.53 g respectively,while the single fruit weight in Henan was relatively small,with 45.48 g.The edible part of Ningxia and Xinjiang were also greater than Henan,with 64.17 and 59.50 g,respectively.The contents of soluble sugar,sucrose,glucose,fructose,reducing sugar and crude fiber in Ningxia were high,followed by Xinjiang,the lowest in Henan.The content of total flavonoids and cAMP was also higher in Ningxia,with 4.17 mg/g and 551.6μg/g,respectively.There was a certain correlation between the main climatic conditions of different producing areas and fruit quality.Among them,the sunshine duration had the greatest impact,followed by light intensity and temperature difference between day and night.Results showed that the longer the sunshine duration,the higher the content of soluble sugar,sucrose,glucose,fructose,crude fiber,total flavonoids,and cAMP in grey jujube,while the opposite was true;the greater the light intensity and the temperature difference between day and night,the higher the content of soluble sugars,total flavonoids and cAMP in grey jujube.[Conclusion]Under different ecological conditions,especially the sunshine duration,the main active components of grey jujube are greatly affected,and the intensity of sunlight and the temperature difference between day and night can also have varying degrees of differences in the quality of grey jujube.