西安市农业有机废弃物转化为农用氮素供需平衡分析

Analysis of Supply and Demand Balance of Agricultural Organic Waste Converted into Agricultural Nitrogen in Xi’an

以西安市主要涉农区县为研究对象,通过文献资料查询及实地调研,对西安市农业有机废弃物的氮素供需平衡进行了研究分析。首先,计算了主要涉农区县农作物秸秆、瓜果藤蔓、畜禽粪便的氮素转化量。其次,根据土壤理化性质及农作物种植面积,估算了主要涉农区县农作物的氮素养分需求量。结合计算结果分析了西安市主要涉农区县农业废弃物转化为农用氮素养分的供需平衡关系。结果表明:2021年西安市涉农区县主要农作物种植需要44 414.75 t氮素养分,农业有机废弃物转化氮素养分的总供应量为28 560.12 t,其中农作物秸秆、瓜果藤蔓转化氮素养分23 155.00 t,占供应量的81.07%,畜禽粪便转化为氮素养分5 405.15 t,占供应量的18.93%,氮素养分供需比为1.56,即供不应求,因此应该充分利用农业有机废弃物的氮素转化,并配合施用化肥及有机肥满足作物生长养分需求。

In this article,the nitrogen supply and demand balance of agricultural organic waste in Xi’an was studied and analyzed through literature search and field research,taking the main agriculture-related districts and counties in Xi’an as the research target.Firstly,the nitrogen conversion amounts of crop straw,fruit and vine,and livestock manure in the main agriculture-related districts and counties were calculated.Secondly,the nitrogen nutrient demand of crops in major agriculture-related districts and counties was estimated based on soil physical and chemical properties and crop cultivation area.Combined with the calculation results,the supply-demand balance of agricultural wastes converted into agricultural nitrogen nutrients in the main agriculture-related districts and counties of Xi’an was analyzed.The research results showed that 44414.75 tons of nitrogen nutrients were required for the cultivation of major crops in the agriculture-related districts and counties of Xi’an in 2021,and the total supply of nitrogen nutrients converted from agricultural organic waste was 28560.12 tons,among which 23155.00 tons of nitrogen nutrients were converted from crop straws,fruits and vines,accounting for 81.07%of the supply,and 5405.15 million tons of nitrogen nutrients were converted from livestock and poultry manure,accounting for 18.93%of the supply,and the nitrogen nutrient The supply-demand ratio was 1.56,both supply and demand exceeded supply,so we should make full use of the nitrogen conversion of agricultural organic waste and apply chemical fertilizers and organic fertilizers together.