2019年浙江省青少年烟草使用现况研究

Study on the present status of tobacco usage among adolescents of Zhejiang Province in 2019

目的了解浙江省青少年烟草使用情况,为制定更有针对性的控烟干预措施提供科学依据。方法于2019年4—6月,采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法抽取浙江省60所中学共7663名学生为研究对象,对其进行问卷调查,了解烟草使用、二手烟暴露、控烟宣传、烟草广告和促销等情况。采用SPSS 21.0软件复杂抽样模块进行数据加权和χ^(2)检验。结果加权后,浙江省中学生的尝试吸烟率为8.93%,现在吸烟率为2.10%。其中男生的尝试吸烟率(13.05%)和现在吸烟率(3.59%)均高于女生(4.32%、0.43%);职业高中学生、普通高中学生、初中学生之间的尝试吸烟率(19.03%、9.97%、5.16%)和现在吸烟率(7.07%、1.36%、0.83%)的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);父母至少有一方吸烟的学生的尝试吸烟率(11.12%)和现在吸烟率(3.10%)均高于父母均不抽烟的学生(6.74%、1.10%),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。过去7 d,中学生在家里、封闭公共场所、室外公共场所、公共交通工具的二手烟暴露率分别为32.28%、48.82%、51.94%和21.56%。42.77%的学生在学校里看到过老师抽烟。过去30 d内,中学生在学校的二手烟暴露率为41.08%。过去30 d内,69.11%的学生接触过影视吸烟镜头,44.72%、23.10%的学生分别在烟草零售点、互联网接触过烟草广告或促销,2.07%的学生接受过免费烟草产品,73.92%的学生接触过控烟信息;过去1年内,52.14%的学生接触过烟草危害的课堂教育。结论浙江省中学生尝试吸烟和现在吸烟的情况仍然存在,需积极推动无烟家庭创建,巩固无烟学校建设,推进省级公共场所控烟立法进程,减少青少年接触烟草广告、促销和影视镜头的渠道。

Objective To understand the present status of tobacco usage among adolescents of Zhejiang Province,and provide the scientific basis for making the tobacco control intervention measure.Methods From April to June 2019,the multiple-stage cluster sampling method was used to select 7663 students from 60 middle schools in Zhejiang Province as the subjects.The investigation was performed with questionnaire(including tobacco usage,the second-hand smoking exposure,propaganda of smoking control,and tobacco advertisement or promotion).Complex sampling module was used to data weighting andχ^(2) test.The used software was SPSS 21.0.Results The rates of attemptting to smoke and current smoking among the middle school students were 8.93%and 2.10%,respectively.The rates of attemptting to smoke and current smoking in male students(13.05%and 3.59%)were significantly higher than those(4.32%and 0.43%)in female students;there were significant differences of rates of attemptting to smoke(19.03%,9.97%,5.16%)and current smoking(7.07%,1.36%,0.83%)among technical school students,ordinary high school students,and junior high school students(P<0.05);the rates(11.12%and 3.10%)of attemptting to smoke and current smoking in students with smoking father or mother were significantly higher than those(6.74%and 1.10%)in students without smoking father or mother(P<0.05).In the past 7 days,the rates of the exposure to second-hand smoking in family,indoor public places,outdoor public places and public transport among the adolescents were 32.28%,48.82%,51.94%,and 21.56%,respectively;42.77%of the middle school students had seen teachers smoked in the school.During the previous 30 days,41.08%of the students had exposed to second-hand smoking in school,69.11%of students had seen the smoking-related scenes on TV,videos or movie,44.72%and 23.10%of students had been exposed to tobacco advertisement or promotion in stands for sale and internet,respectively.And 2.07%of the students had received tobacco production for free;73.92%of the students had noticed tobacco control health information through any channel.Last 1 year,52.14%of students had received tobacco hazard education in class.Conclusion The condition of attemptting to smoke and current smoking among middle school students still exists in Zhejiang Province.It is necessary to take measures to promote the development of no-smoking family,to consolidate the achievements of smoke-free school,and to speed up the tobacco-control legislation of local government in public places of Zhejiang.It is necessary to act together to keep the young far away from the tobacco advertisement,promotion and smoking-related scenes in TV,videos and movies.