福建省35~75岁居民高血压合并糖尿病流行现况及影响因素

Prevalence and influencing factors of hypertension combined with diabetes among population aged 35-75 years in Fujian Province

目的调查福建省居民高血压合并糖尿病的患病情况并探讨其影响因素,为防治高血压合并糖尿病提供科学依据。方法2017—2020年在福建省开展心血管疾病高危人群早期筛查与综合干预项目,采用方便抽样方法在10个县(区)抽取35~75岁居民123976人进行问卷调查、体格检查和实验室检测。使用Kruskal-Wallis H检验、χ^(2)检验和多分类logistic回归进行数据分析。结果高血压合并糖尿病患病粗率为11.7%(14512/123976),标化患病率为7.3%。与无高血压无糖尿病、单纯高血压、单纯糖尿病相比,高血压合并糖尿病组三酰甘油高[1.63(1.16~2.28)比1.24(0.93~1.72)、1.42(1.04~1.99)、1.47(1.07~2.11)mmol/L,H=3971.753,P<0.001],而高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)低[1.32(1.12~1.58)比1.44(1.20~1.74)、1.39(1.16~1.67)、1.35(1.12~1.63)mmol/L,H=1336.142,P<0.001]。多分类logistic回归分析结果显示,年长、超重肥胖、城市居住、血脂异常是高血压合并糖尿病的主要危险因素(均P<0.01)。结论减少或延缓高血压合并糖尿病的发生,需要加强高血压、糖尿病患者的血脂管理,重视危险因素特征人群,提倡健康生活方式。

Objective To investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of hypertension combined with diabetes in Fujian Province,and to provide the scientific basis for prevention and treatment.Methods The early screening and comprehensive intervention program for people at high-risk of cardiovascular disease was carried out in Fujian Province from 2017 to 2020,and 123976 residents aged 35 to 75 years were selected for questionnaires,physical examinations and laboratory tests in 10 counties(districts)using a convenience sampling method.Kruskal-Wallis H test,chi-square test and multinomial logistic regression were used to analyze the data.Results The prevalence of hypertension combined with diabetes in residents was 11.7%(14512/123976),and the standardized prevalence rate was 7.3%.Compared with those without hypertension and diabetes,with hypertension alone and diabetes alone,the group with hypertension and diabetes had a higher triacylglycerol level[1.63(1.16-2.28)vs 1.24(0.93-1.72),1.42(1.04-1.99),1.47(1.07-2.11)mmol/L,H=3971.753,P0.001],and lower high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)[1.32(1.12-1.58)vs 1.44(1.20-1.74),1.39(1.16-1.67),1.35(1.12-1.63)mmol/L,H=1336.142,P0.001].The results of multinomial logistic regression analysis showed that older age,overweight/obesity,urban residence and dyslipidemia were mainly risk factors for hypertension combined with diabetes(all P0.01).Conclusion To reduce or delay the occurrence of hypertension combined with diabetes,it is necessary to strengthen the management of blood lipids in patients with hypertension or diabetes,pay attention to people with high-risk factors,and promote healthy lifestyles.