稠油和超稠油原位提高采收率技术

Analysis on In-situ Enhanced Oil Recovery Technology for Heavy Oil and Extra-heavy Oil

为了给我国稠油和超稠油原位采收技术提供指导方针和借鉴,对国外现有稠油原位采收技术进行全面综述,其中包括4种热采技术、4种化学驱技术和1种气驱技术。通过分析不同提采技术的工艺原理、运行机制和优缺点,明确各种技术对我国稠油和超稠油油藏开发的适用性。研究结果表明:热采蒸汽驱和SAGD技术提采效果优于蒸汽吞吐技术,并且SAGD技术提采效率最大可达70%。化学驱技术中表面活性剂驱技术会受到储层特性以及表面活性剂特性的限制,因此可作为备选方案;聚合物驱多适用于高度多孔的岩石,而ASP应用仅限于砂岩储层。注气技术会发生严重的黏性指进和重力超覆现象,为防止该现象的发生,可以利用泡沫辅助注气,进而提高稠油和超稠油的采收效率。

In order to provide guidelines and reference for the in-situ recovery technology of heavy oil and ultra-heavy oil in my country,a comprehensive review of the existing in-situ recovery technologies of heavy oil in foreign countries is carried out,including four thermal recovery technologies,four chemical flooding technologies and one gas drive technology.By analyzing the process principle,operation mechanism,advantages and disadvantages of different extraction and production technologies,the applicability of various technologies to the development of heavy oil and ultra-heavy oil reservoirs in China was clarified The research results show that the extraction effect of thermal recovery steam flooding and SAGD technology is better than that of steam huff and puff technology,and the maximum extraction efficiency of SAGD technology can reach 70%.Surfactant flooding technology in chemical flooding technology is limited by reservoir characteristics and surfactant characteristics,so it can be used as an alternative;polymer flooding is mostly suitable for highly porous rocks,while ASP is limited to sandstone reservoirs.The gas injection technology will cause serious viscous fingering and gravity overloading.To prevent this phenomenon,foam can be used to assist gas injection,thereby improving the recovery efficiency of heavy oil and ultra-heavy oil.