2005-2020年安徽省来安县淋病流行及空间分布集聚特征

Epidemic and spatial distribution and agglomeration characteristics of gonorrhea in Lai'an County,Anhui Province from 2005 to 2020

目的评估2005—2020年安徽省来安县淋病流行特征和时空分布规律,为全县性病防治机构实施性病防控策略提供科学依据。方法2005—2020年来安县淋病数据来源于“中国疾病预防控制信息系统”,采用年估计百分比变化(estimated annual percentage change,EAPC)研究其时间变化规律;采用QGIS 3.16软件绘制淋病发病率专题地图;采用GeoDa 1.18软件进行空间聚集性分析;应用SPSS 17.0软件进行数据分析。结果2005—2020年来安县淋病发病率呈波动性,略有上升趋势(χ^(2)趋势=14.16,P<0.05),年平均发病率为5.22/10万,平均增长速度为5.85%,EAPC为4.29%;新安镇、张山镇和施官镇为淋病重点防控区域,2011年淋病发病率的空间分布呈空间正相关特征(Moran's I=0.37,Z=2.50,P<0.05),来安县东南部曾出现低-低集聚,西北部常出现高-高集聚;高发人群为19~48岁,男性淋病发病率明显高于女性(χ^(2)=287.36,P<0.05),主要职业为农民、工人和民工;男性和女性在不同职业的病例构成差异有统计学意义。结论相关部门应加强来安县诊疗市场的管理,加强新安镇和张山镇淋病防控力度,男性、农民、工人和民工是淋病防治重点人群,同时提高女性淋病检测率,根据不同职业人群特点调整防控工作的重点,降低淋病发病率。

Objective To evaluate the epidemic characteristics and temporal and spatial distribution of gonorrhea in Lai'an County in Anhui from 2005 to 2020,so as to provide scientific basis for STD prevention and control organizations in the county to implement STD prevention and control strategies.Methods The data of gonorrhea in Lai'an County from 2005 to 2020 were obtained from China Disease Prevention and Control Information System.The estimated annual percentage change(EAPC)was used to analyze its temporal variation.QGIS 3.16 software was used to draw the thematic map of incidence.GeoDa 1.18 software was used for spatial clustering analysis.SPSS 17.0 software was used for data analysis.Results From 2005 to 2020,the incidence of gonorrhea in Lai'an County showed a fluctuating trend,with a slight upward trend(χ^(2)t rend=14.16,P<0.05).The average annual incidence rate was 5.22/100000,the average growth rate was 5.85%and the EAPC was 4.29%.Xin'an Town,Zhangshan Town and Shiguan Town were the key prevention and control areas.The spatial distribution of gonorrhea incidence in 2011 showed a positive spatial correlation(Moran's I=0.37,Z=2.50,P<0.05).Low-low agglomeration occurred in the southeast of Lai'an County and high-high agglomeration often occurred in its northwest part.The high incidence population was 19-48 years old group,and the incidence rate of male was significantly higher than that of female(χ^(2)=287.36,P<0.05).The occupations of the patients were mainly farmers,workers and migrant workers.There were significant differences in case composition between males and females in different occupations.Conclusion The management of the diagnosis and treatment market in Lai'an County should be strengthened,and the prevention and control of gonorrhea in Xin'an Town and Zhangshan Town should be strengthened.Men,farmers,workers and migrant workers are the key groups for the prevention and control of gonorrhea.At the same time,the detection rate of gonorrhea in women should be increased,and the focus of prevention and control should be adjusted according to the characteristics of different occupational groups to reduce the incidence of gonorrhea.