新疆准噶尔双峰驼关键泌乳期泌乳性能的测定

Determination of Milk-producing Performance during Key Lactation Period of Junggar Bactrian Camel in Xinjiang

【目的】准噶尔双峰驼作为北疆地区主要的双峰驼品种,是提供驼奶的重要来源。但目前对于新疆准噶尔双峰驼泌乳性能的研究较少,制约了对骆驼泌乳性能的开发和利用。【方法】本研究收集了68峰准噶尔双峰驼8个月的产奶数据,6月份和1月份的乳成分数据(包括乳蛋白质、乳脂肪、乳糖、乳干物质)。对上述数据进行了描述性统计分析、单因素方差分析和相关性分析。【结果】准噶尔双峰驼8月份日均产奶量平均值最高,为3.87 kg。8月份后双峰驼日均产奶量随着月份的增加逐渐降低,日均产奶量的平均值在11月份最低,为2.3 kg,11月份后日均产奶量呈上升趋势。6月份乳成分中的乳蛋白含量极显著高于1月份(P<0.01)、6月份的乳脂肪含量高于1月份,1月份乳糖含量极显著高于6月份(P<0.01)。此外,乳蛋白率与乳脂率之间呈正相关,与乳干物质率之间呈显著正相关(P<0.05),与乳糖率之间呈极显著负相关(P<0.01)。乳脂率与乳糖率之间呈不显著负相关(P>0.05),与乳干物质率之间呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。【结论】本研究结果为准噶尔双峰驼的饲养管理和遗传改良提供理论参考。

【Objective】As the main species of Bactrian camel in northern Xinjiang,the Junggar Bactrian camel is an important camel milk source.However,there are few studies on the milk-producing performance of Junggar Bactrian camel at present,which limits the development and utilization of milk-producing performance.【Methods】Therefore,milk production data of 68 Junggar Bactrian camels for 8 months was collected,as well as the milk composition data(including milk protein,milk fat,lactose and lactic dry matter)in June and January in this study.Descriptive statistical analysis,one-way ANOVA and correlation analysis were further performed based on the above data.【Results】The results showed that the average daily milk yield of Junggar Bactrian camels in August was the highest,which was 3.87 kg.After August,the yield decreased gradually with the increase of month,and was lowest in November(2.3 kg),then increased after November.The milk protein content in June was extremely significantly higher than that in January(P<0.01),the milk fat content in June was higher than that in January,and the lactose content in January was extremely significantly higher than that in June(P<0.01).Otherwise,there was a positive correlation relationship between milk protein rate and fat rate,a significant positive correlation relationship between milk protein rate and milk dry matter rate(P<0.05),and an extremely significant negative correlation relationship between milk protein rate and lactose rate(P<0.01).There was not significant negative correlation relationship between milk fat rate and lactose rate(P>0.05)and a significant positive correlation relationship between milk fat rate and milk dry matter rate(P<0.05).【Conclusion】The study provided a theoretical reference for the feeding management and genetic improvement of Junggar Bactrian camels.