史学素养在艺术史研究中的作用——以何惠鉴及其所受陈寅恪影响为例

The Role of Historical Literacy in Art History Studies:A Case Study of Chen Yinke's Influence on Wai-kam Ho

何惠鉴是20世纪最重要的旅美华人艺术史学家之一。他本科就读于岭南大学,在燕京大学历史系攻读研究生时师从陈寅恪。之后,又赴哈佛大学求学,毕业后任职于克利夫兰艺术博物馆、纳尔逊阿特金斯艺术博物馆。何惠鉴的艺术史研究受陈寅恪影响,总体上综合了风格史、鉴藏史、社会史、文化史各个维度;而具体研究方法更偏重历史方面,重视挖掘、甄别、分析各种史料,并与作品综合考量,互相参证,寻找出隐含而散碎的线索来解决问题,体现出深厚的史学素养。这与侧重风格的主要研究方式有所不同,是一种强调史学本位的艺术史研究方式。

Wai-kam Ho was one of the most important Chinese-born American art historians in the 20th century.He studied at Lingnan University as an undergraduate and at Yenching University as a graduate student in the Department of History under the tutelage of Chen Yinke.He went on to study at Harvard University,and after graduation,he worked at the Cleveland Museum of Art and the Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art.Wai-kam Ho's art history research was influenced by Chen Yinke.In general,he integrated history of style,history of art collection with social history and cultural history.His research methodology was mostly from history,with emphasis on digging,differentiating and analyzing various historical materials.He cross-examined history and art work,and looked for implicit and fragmented clues to solve problems,which revealed his sophistication of historical literacy.His methodology was different from the main research approach which focused on art style.Its specialty lay in its emphasis on history.