吉林舒兰界壕及双印通古城考古调查与认识

Archaeological Investigation and Understanding of the Border Trenches and Shuangyintong Ancient City Ruins in Shulan,Jilin Province

吉林省舒兰市界壕及双印通古城位于舒兰市溪河镇松花江东岸,1984年吉林地区文物普查队对舒兰界壕和双印通古城的调查研究认为舒兰界壕为辽圣宗时期修筑。2021年,吉林省文物考古研究所对舒兰界壕及双印通古城进行了考古调查,调查结合早年卫星图片确认了全部界壕及附属的烽火台和平台。确认了界壕因地制宜采用了至少三种修筑方法,双印通古城是界壕附属戍堡,整个界壕用于监控松花江东岸北侧。结合文献与考古资料,确认舒兰界壕并非文献中所提及的辽代界壕,根据辽金时期契丹与女真控制区域的变迁,辽金时期没有在此处修建界壕的军事需求。根据舒兰界壕与明长城的结构对比以及舒兰界壕调查采集遗物的年代分析,确认舒兰界壕为明代修筑,用于监控松花江东岸驿路,并为明初船厂提供警戒。

The border trenches and Shuangyintong ancient city ruins in Shulan,Jilin province are located on the east bank of the Songhua River.In 1984,Jjilin Cultural Relics Survey Team carried out investigations on them and thought the border trenches were built during the Shengzong period of the Liao dynasty.In 2021,the Jjilin Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology conducted a thorough archaeological survey on those sites.With the aid of previous satellite images,the survey confirmed all the border trenches as well as attached beacon towers and platforms.It pointed out that the border trenches had adopted at least three construction methods according to local conditions,the ancient city of Shuangyintong was a garrison attached to the trenches,and the trenches were used to monitor the north side of the east bank of the Songhua River.By combining the literature and archaeological data,it was indicated that the border trenches were not those of the Liao dynasty mentioned in the literature;according to the changes of the areas controlled by Khitan and Jurchen in the Liao and Jin dynasties,there was no military need to build boundary trenches here during that period.According to the structural comparison between Shulan border trenches and the Ming Great Wall and the chronological analysis of the relics from the border trenches,it can be confirmed that Shulan border trenches were built in the Ming dynasty to monitor the post roads on the east bank of the Songhua River,and to provide security for shipyards in the early Ming dynasty.