新就业形态劳动者的数字素养:概念、内涵及培育路径

Laborers'Digital Literacy in the New Forms of Employment:Concept,Connotation and Cultivation Path

[目的/意义]新就业形态已成为我国经济的重要支撑,提高新就业形态劳动者的数字素养对夯实我国数字经济发展起关键作用。有必要对新就业形态下数字素养的概念、内涵及培育路径展开系统性分析。[研究设计/方法]基于胜任特征理论界定新就业形态下数字素养的概念,在此基础上对2,063份招聘文本进行质性编码,对新就业形态数字素养的概念内涵展开梳理。[结论/发现]新就业形态劳动者的数字素养包含动机、技能、特质、知识、自我概念五维度,在不同劳动情境下呈现出层次性特征:在线劳动情境下,具有以应用为导向、服务为中心的特点;在数字创作和专业工作情境下,具有以分析为导向、运营为中心的特点;在数字决策和研发情境下,具有以研究为导向、探索为中心的特点。[创新/价值]对新就业形态数字素养的概念内涵进行全方位解析,深入探讨新就业形态数字素养的情境差异,提出各层次劳动者数字素养的针对性培育路径。

[Purpose/Significance]The new forms of employment have become an important support for China's economy.Improving laborers'digital literacy in the new forms of employment plays a key role in strengthening the development of China's digital economy.It is necessary to systematically analyze the concept,connotation and cultivation path of laborers'digital literacy in the new forms of employment.[Design/Methodology]Based on competency theory,the concept of laborers'digital literacy in the new forms of employment was defined.Then,2,063 recruitment texts were qualitatively coded to sort out the connotation.[Findings/Conclusion]The laborers'digital literacy in the new forms of employment includes five dimensions:motivation,skills,traits,knowledge,and self-concept.The laborers'digital literacy presents hierarchical characteristics under different labor contexts:digital literacy is application-oriented and service-centered in the context of online labor;it is analysis-oriented and operation-centered in the context of digital creation and professional work;it is research-oriented and exploration-centered in the context of digital decision and development.[Originality/Value]This paper clarifies the concept and connotation of laborers'digital literacy in the new forms of employment,and deeply discuss the contextual differences of digital literacy,which is helpful to provide targeted cultivation paths of laborers'digital literacy at all levels.