语境主义与政治思想史研究——以斯金纳的霍布斯研究为例

Contextualism and the Study of the History of Political Thought--The Case of the Study of Skinner’s Hobbes

斯金纳所提出的“语境主义”在思想史研究中具有很大的影响力,他以历史学家的眼光为我们展现了一个新颖的思想史世界。但是,这种方法论使许多思想史的哲学解读完全沦为了非法解释。关键在于,斯金纳的思想史写作与他的方法论之间有诸多矛盾之处。从根本上,斯金纳无法在他的思想史写作中贯彻他的方法论。具体而言,斯金纳的霍布斯研究展现了历史方法与哲学文本之间的张力关系。在历史方法与哲学文本的复杂关系中,可以建立思想史写作的新视角。

Skinner’s“contextualism”has a great influence in the study of the history of thought.From the perspective of historians,he shows us a new world of the history of thought.However,this methodology makes many philosophical interpretations of the history of ideas completely illegal.The point is that there are many contradictions between Skinner’s writing and his methodology.Fundamentally,Skinner’s methodology cannot be perfectly applied to his writing.Specifically,Skinner’s research demonstrates the tension between historical methods and philosophical texts.In the complex relationship between historical methods and philosophical texts,we attempt to establish a new perspective on the writing of the history of thought.