13世纪英格兰堂区教士的圣俸收入

The Benefice Income of the Parish Clergy in the 13th Century England

13世纪的英格兰,堂区教众贡献圣俸的多少是影响堂区教士圣俸收入的首要因素,为堂区教士圣俸收入的差异化奠定了基本“格局”。随着部分修会赞助人吞并堂区圣俸现象的发生,堂区教士内部分化出堂区主持人和堂区代理主持人两种身份,堂区圣俸开始出现分配问题,分配形式随之成为影响堂区教士圣俸收入的重要因素。此外,是否缴纳年金以及代理主持人薪俸约定等不确定性因素,也在一定程度上影响堂区教士的实际圣俸收入状况。最后,地区经济在宏观层面影响堂区教士的整体圣俸收入水平,进一步拉大了堂区教士群体内部的圣俸收入差距。

In 13th century England,the contribution of the congregation was the primary factor affecting the benefice income of the parish clergy,laying the foundation for the differentiation of the benefice income of the parish clergy.With the annexation of the parish benefice by some religious patrons,parish clergies divided into two identities,rectors and vicars.The distribution of parish benefice became a problem,and the form of distribution became an important factor affecting the income of the parish clergy.In addition,uncertain factors such as whether to pay the annuity and different salary agreements of vicars also affected the actual benefice income of the parish clergy to a certain extent.Finally,the regional economy had a macro impact on the overall benefice income level of the parish clergy,further widening the gap within the parish clergy group.