摘要
“虎患”不仅指老虎袭击人类造成人身财产伤害,其核心意味着老虎离开了固有的生存环境而侵入到人类的日常生活空间。明代浙江由于人地关系紧张与生态环境恶化,“虎患”频发。“虎患”主要发生在明代中后期,且集中爆发于秋冬之际,发生地从野外一直蔓延到市镇。时人面对老虎主要采取“避虎”与“驱虎”两种方式,官府则更加重视“虎患”带来的“精神侵入”,通过神灵“走虎”“息虎”远比“杀虎”更符合地方治理的逻辑。对于明人来说,老虎并不是纯粹自然的“外物”,“虎患”发生与否及其处理方式,都体现了一种与虎“共生”的思维。
The tiger disaster not only refers to the physical and property damage caused by tigers attacking humans,but it means that tigers have left their inherent living environment and invaded human living space.Due to the tense relationship between humans and land and the deterioration of the ecological environment,tiger disasters occurred frequently in Zhejiang in the Ming Dynasty.It mainly occurred in the mid to late Ming Dynasty,and was concentrated in autumn and winter,spreading from the wild to the town.When facing the problem,people mainly adopt the methods of“avoiding tigers”and“driving away tigers”.The government paid more attention to the spiritual invasion brought about by the tiger disaster,namely letting the gods drive away tigers and quell tiger was far more in line with the logic of local governance than killing tigers.For the people of the Ming Dynasty,tigers were not purely natural objects;the occurrence and handling of tiger disasters reflect their symbiotic thinking with tigers.
出处
《经济社会史评论》
CSSCI
2023年第2期113-126,128,共15页
Economic and Social History Review
基金
北京师范大学历史学院青年教师发展资助项目
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目“明代农书的整理与研究”(310422137)阶段性成果。
