高温熔体粘度及其测量技术的研究进展

Research Progress of High Temperature Melt Viscosity and Its Measurement Technology

高温熔体粘度研究在玻璃生产、陶瓷制造和合金合成等领域中的意义重大。粘度是熔体重要的物理化学性质之一,可反映熔体内部的流体摩擦力。高温粘度计按其测量原理,主要分为毛细管式、旋转式、落体式和振动式等。高温粘度受多种因素的影响,其中以温度和化学成分为主,温度影响熔体内部的分子间作用力,化学成分的改变影响熔体内部的化学组织结构。近年来,科研人员对粘度与温度、化学成分之间的关系开展了较多研究工作。从粘度基本概念、高温粘度测量技术和高温熔体粘度的影响因素3个方面,综述高温熔体的研究进展,并提出其发展方向。

The study of high temperature melt viscosity is of great significance in the fields of glass production,ceramic manufacturing and alloy synthesis.Viscosity is one of the important physical and chemical properties of the melt,which can reflect the fluid friction within the melt.High temperature viscometers are mainly divided into capillary type,rotating type,falling body type and vibrating types according to their measuring principles.High temperature viscosity is affected by many factors,among of which temperature and chemical composition are the main ones.Temperature affects the intermolecular forces inside the melt,and the change of chemical composition affects the chemical structure inside the melt.In recent years,researchers have carried out many research work on the relationship between viscosity,temperature and chemical composition.In this paper,we review the research progress and proposes the development direction from three aspects:the basic concept of viscosity,high-temperature viscosity measurement technology and factors influencing the viscosity of high-temperature melt.