急性缺血性卒中院前延误现状和改进措施的研究进展

Research Progress of Current Status for Pre-hospital Delay and Improvement Measures for Acute Ischemic Stroke

我国急性缺血性卒中发病率高,院前延误形势严峻,疾病救治负担重。但相关影响因素及可采取的措施还不甚清楚或存在矛盾的报道,这不利于政府部门的决策制定。本综述发现受教育程度低、卒中发作时独处或独居、新型冠状病毒感染疫情、位于农村者易引起院前延误,而有高血压、TIA和缺血性卒中既往史以及构音障碍、肌力下降、前循环卒中、经救护车转运的患者院前延误较少。加强卒中宣传和教育、建设移动卒中单元和提高信息化水平是缩短院前延误的有效措施。这些研究发现可以为进一步减少院前延误,提高急救效率,辅助政府决策制定提供参考依据。

The incidence of acute ischemic stroke in China is high,the situation of pre-hospital delay is severe,and the burden of treatment is heavy.However,the relevant influencing factors and measures that can be taken are not clear or contradictory reports exist,which is not conducive for the government departments'decision-making.This review found that people with low education,living alone or alone during a stroke attack,the COVID-19 epidemic and being located in the countryside were more likely to cause pre-hospital delay.Patients with a history of hypertension,transient ischemic attacks,and ischemic stroke,or patients had dysarthria,decreased muscle strength,anterior circulation stroke,and ambulance transfer had fewer pre-hospital delays.Effective and feasible measures to shorten pre-hospital delay include strengthening propaganda and education on stroke,implementing mobile stroke units and raising the level of informatization.These findings provide a reference for further reducing pre-hospital delay,improving the efficiency of first aid,and assisting government decision-making.