三峡工程水生态空间管控指标体系构建

Construction of water ecological spatial control index system for Three Gorges Project

构建三峡工程水生态空间管控指标体系是三峡工程空间管控的重要基础性工作。针对长江三峡工程水生态空间管控实施难、决策难等问题,在充分、全面汇总现有水生态空间管控的相关政策文件的基础上,梳理、归纳得到了包含93个指标的空间管控指标集;结合指标选取的科学性、适用性、考核运用便捷性、分级管控能力、监测计量基础等,对指标集进行了初筛,得到了一个包含22个指标的指标集;采用德尔菲法,对该指标集进行了3轮专家打分,确定了最终用来进行三峡工程水生态空间管控的8个指标:国控/省控断面水质达标比例、重点生物物种种数保护率、重要支流库湾水体富营养化程度、自然岸线保有率、地质灾害隐患治理率、重要生物栖息地保护率、调节库容保有率、坝前漂浮物量。此外,借助于德尔菲法和打分结果计算出了各指标的权重。研究成果对保障三峡库区生态安全、工程安全稳定运行、最大发挥工程效益具有重要的意义。

Constructing a water ecological space control index system of the Three Gorges Project is an important basic work for the spatial control of the Three Gorges Project.In view of the difficulties in the implementation and decision-making of water ecological space management and control of the Three Gorges Project,this study fully and comprehensively summarized the relevant policy documents of the existing water ecological space management and control,and sorted out and proposed a spatial management and control index set containing 93 indicators.Combined with the principles of specificity,applicability,convenience of assessment and application,hierarchical management and control ability,monitoring accessibility of the indicators,the index set was preliminarily screened and an index set containing 22 indicators was obtained.According to the Delphi method,3 rounds of expert scoring were carried out,and 8 indicators were finally accepted for the management and control of the water ecological space of the Three Gorges Project:the proportion of water quality reaching the standard in the national/provincial control sections,the protection rate of key biological species,and the eutrophication degree of the water body in the bay of the important tributaries,reserve rate of natural shoreline,control rate of geological hazards,protection rate of important biological habitats,reserve rate of regulating storage capacity of reservoir,amount of floating objects in front of the dam.At the same time,this study calculated the weight of water ecological space control index of the Three Gorges Project by means of Delphi method and scoring results.This research is of great significance for ensuring the ecological security of the Three Gorges Reservoir area,the safe and stable operation of the project and the maximum benefit of the project.