基于健康意识理论和知信行的护理方法对胆囊切除术后患者疾病自我感受、健康素养及血清疼痛介质的影响

Effects of Nursing Methods based on Health Consciousness Theory and KAP on self-perception of Disease,Health Literacy and Serum Pain Mediators in Cholecystectomy Patients

目的分析以健康意识理论为基础护理干预与知信行干预用于胆囊切除术后患者对其疾病自我感受负担、健康素养和疼痛介质产生的影响。方法选择2020年1月至2022年12月河南大学第一附属医院收治的60例胆囊切除术后患者,结合随机数字表法分成对照组(常规护理)、观察组(在前组基础上开展以健康意识理论为基础护理干预与知信行干预)各30例,比较两组干预前后自我感受负担量表(SPBS)得分、健康素养得分、血清前列腺素E2(PGE2)及5-羟色胺(5-HT)水平指标差异。结果干预前,两组患者身体负担、经济负担和情感负担方面的SPBS得分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,观察组各项SPBS得分均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预前,观察组疾病预防、医疗知识、健康理念,安全素养和健康行为得分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,观察组各项健康素养得分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预前,两组血清中的PGE2和5-HT水平相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,观察组血清中的PGE2和5-HT水平均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论将健康意识理论为基础护理干预和知信行干预用于胆囊切除术后患者,能减轻其疾病自我感受负担,提升其健康素养,降低其疼痛介质水平,值得临床应用。

Objective To analyze the influence of nursing intervention based on health awareness theory and KAP(knowledge,attitude and practice))intervention on patients'self-perception of disease,health literacy and pain mediators after cholecystectomy.Methods From January 2020 to December 2022,60 patients after cholecystectomy in the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University were selected and divided into control group(routine nursing)and observation group(based on the former group,nursing intervention based on the theory of health awareness and KAP intervention)with random number table.The scores of self-perceived burden scale(SPBS),health literacy,serum prostaglandin E2(PGE2)and 5-hydroxytryptamine hormone(5-HT)were compared between the two groups before and after.Results Before the intervention,there was no statistically significant difference in the SPBS scores of physical burden,economic burden,and emotional burden between the two groups of patients(P>0.05);After intervention,the SPBS scores of the observation group were lower than those of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Before intervention,there was no statistically significant difference in disease prevention,medical knowledge,health philosophy,safety literacy,and health behavior scores between the observation group(P>0.05);After intervention,the scores of various health literacy in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Before intervention,there was no statistically significant difference in the levels of PGE2 and 5-HT in the serum between the two groups(P>0.05);After intervention,the average levels of PGE2 and 5-HT in the serum of the observation group were lower than those of the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Conclusion Applying health awareness theory as basic nursing intervention and KAP intervention to patients after cholecystectomy can reduce disease'self-perception burden,improve their health literacy,and reduce their pain medium level,which is worth adopting.