微创手术与常规开放手术治疗脊柱创伤患者的效果比较

Comparison of effects of minimally invasive surgery and conventional open surgery on patients with spinal trauma

目的:比较微创手术与常规开放手术治疗脊柱创伤患者的效果。方法:选取2021年1月至2022年1月该院收治的60例脊柱创伤患者进行前瞻性研究,按随机数字表法将其分为对照组与观察组各30例。对照组采用常规开放手术治疗,观察组采用微创手术治疗,比较两组手术相关指标水平、术后恢复时间、疼痛程度[疼痛数字评分法(NRS)]评分、肢体运动功能[Fugl-Meyer评定量表(FMA)]评分和并发症发生率。结果:观察组手术切口长度、手术时间均短于对照组,术中出血量少于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组首次排气时间、首次下床活动时间、住院时间均短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后8、12、48、72 h,观察组NRS评分均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组上、下肢等FMA评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组并发症发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:微创手术治疗脊柱创伤患者可提高FMA评分,降低手术相关指标水平、NRS评分和并发症发生率,缩短术后恢复时间,其效果优于常规开放手术治疗。

Objective:To compare effects of minimally invasive surgery and conventional open surgery on patients with spinal trauma.Methods:A prospective study was conducted on 60 patients with spinal trauma admitted to this hospital from January 2021 to January 2022.They were divided into control group and observation group according to the random number table method,30 cases in each.The control group was treated with conventional open surgery,while the observation group was treated with minimally invasive surgery.The operation-related index levels,the postoperative recovery time,the pain degree[numerical rating scale(NRS)]score,the limb motor function[Fugl-Meyer assessment(FMA)]score,and the incidence of complications were compared between the two groups.Results:The incision length and the operation time of the observation group were shorter than those of the control group,the intraoperative blood loss was less than that of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The first exhaust time,the first ambulation time and the hospitalization time in the observation group were shorter than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).8,12,48 and 72 h after the surgery,the NRS scores of the observation group were lower than those of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The FMA scores of upper and lower limbs in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Further,the incidence of complications in the observation group was lower than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions:Minimally invasive surgery for the patients with spinal trauma can improve the FMA scores,reduce the levels of surgery-related indicators,the NRS scores and the incidence of complications,shorten the the postoperative recovery time.Moreover,it is superior to conventional open surgery.