多场地条件下文物建筑微型消防站规划方法研究

Planning method of miniature fire station of cultural relic building under multi-site condition

针对近年来文物建筑微型消防站规划中面临的传统服务半径布点方法未考虑多场地实际环境约束,以及基于文物风貌保护原则下的设施位置规划结果无法完全满足扑救需求等问题,提出了多场地条件下的文物建筑微型消防站规划方法。以孟母林墓群为典型研究对象,建立了多场地条件下路网和时速模型;采用最大化覆盖范围模型,模拟生成了4种微型消防站布局方案,建立了对比分析指标,确定了最优方案;根据高效管理原则设计了各微型消防站的消防责任区范围;运用最小化抗阻模型再优化了各微型消防站的最终位置并合理配置了消防装备及消防设施点。GIS模拟仿真结果表明,该文物建筑微型消防站规划方法可有效弥补传统消防站规划方法的不足,从而提升文物建筑消防规划设计水平。

In view of the problems faced in the planning of miniature fire stations for cultural relics buildings in recent years,such as the traditional service radius distribution method does not consider the actual environmental constraints of multiple sites,and the facility location planning results based on the principle of cultural relics protection cannot fully meet the firefighting needs,a planning method for miniature fire stations for cultural relics buildings under multiple sites conditions is proposed.Taking Mengmulin tombs as the typical research object,the road network and speed model under multi-site conditions were established.Using the maximum coverage model,four kinds of miniature fire station layout schemes were simulated and generated,and the comparative analysis index was established to determine the optimal scheme.According to the principle of efficient management,the fire responsibility area of each miniature fire station is designed.The minimization resistance model is used to optimize the final position of each miniature fire station and reasonably allocate the firefighting equipment and facilities.GIS simulation results show that the proposed method can effectively make up for the shortcomings of traditional fire station planning methods,so as to improve the level of fire planning and design of cultural heritage buildings.