某医院2019-2020年血培养常见病原菌分布及耐药分析

Analysis of the distribution and drug resistance of common pathogenic bacteria in blood culture of a hospital from 2019 to 2020

目的:了解本院血培养病原菌构成及耐药性,为临床合理使用抗菌药物提供参考依据。方法:回顾分析本院2019-2020年住院患者血培养阳性病原菌分布及药敏结果,按照CLSI2019年标准,使用WHONET5.6软件进行数据分析。结果:两年间共分离病原菌706株,其中革兰氏阴性菌406株,革兰氏阳性菌273株,真菌27株。从血培养中分离出的前5名病原菌为大肠杆菌、凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和铜绿假单胞菌。大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌产生的ESBLs分别为36.7%和22.5%。大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌对亚胺培南的耐药率分别为0.44%和6.25%。22株铜绿假单胞菌整体耐药率较低,金黄色葡萄球菌和凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌均对替考普拉宁和利奈唑胺敏感,未发现万古霉素耐药菌株。结论:血培养中主要病原菌为革兰氏阴性菌。了解病原菌的组成和耐药情况,有助于合理、有效地使用抗生素。

Objective:To analyze the composition and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in blood culture in our hospital,and to provide reference for rational clinical use of antibiotics.Methods:The distribution and drug sensitivity of positive pathogenic bacteria in blood culture of inpatients in our hospital from 2019 to 2020 were retrospectively analyzed.The data were analyzed using WHONET 5.6 software according to the CLSI2019 standard.Results:A total of 706 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated during the two years,including 406 strains of Gram-negative bacteria,273 strains of Gram-positive bacteria and 27 strains of fungi.The top five pathogens isolated from blood cultures were E.coli,coagulase-negative Staphylococcus,Klebsiella pneumoniae,Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.ESBLs produced by E.coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were 36.7%and 22.5%,respectively.The resistance rates of E.coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae to imipenem were 0.44%and 6.25%,respectively.The overall drug resistance rate of 22 Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains was low,Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase negative Staphylococcus were sensitive to teicoplanin and linezolid,and no vancomycin resistant strains were found Conclusion:The main pathogenic bacteria in blood culture are Gram-negative bacteria.Understanding the composition and drug resistance of pathogens is helpful for rational and effective use of antibiotics.