韦特海默及其关于创造性思维的研究

Max Wertheimer and his Research on Creative Thinking

德国心理学家马克斯·韦特海默是格式塔心理学的创始人之一,他一生致力于创造性思维的研究。基于似动现象和知觉组织实验的研究,韦特海默及其同事们建立并逐步发展了格式塔理论,并以此理论为基础对日常教学及原创性科学发现的创造性思维过程展开了系统研究,从而在日常教学过程中培养学生的创造性思维,进而为拔尖创新人才培养提供理论基础和实际方法。本文将从韦特海默的生平简介出发,回顾韦特海默的视知觉实验研究和创造性思维研究,最后,从三个方面对韦特海默的研究作了评论和展望。

Max Wertheimer,a German psychologist,is one of the founders of Gestalt psychology,devoting all his life to the research on creative thinking.Based on the experimental studies on apparent motion and perceptual organization,Wertheimer and his colleagues founded and gradually developed the Gestalt theory,and following it systematic research was conducted on the creative thinking process related to routine teaching and original scientific discoveries.This paper intends to first introduce briefly Max Wertheimer′s life experience,then review his visual and perceptual experiments and studies on creative thinking,and finally make a comment and prospect for his research in three ways.