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盆菊远缘杂交亲和性与主要数量性状的遗传规律研究 被引量:1

Study on the Genetic Law of Compatibility and Main Quantitative Characters of Distant Hybridization in Pot Chrysanthemum
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摘要 远缘杂交是创造花卉新种质的重要手段,分析种质之间的亲和性和主要数量性状的遗传规律有助于更有针对性地开展品种培育工作。本研究选取8个盆菊栽培品种与山东本地野生种质(甘野菊和野菊)进行远缘杂交,通过分析结实率、出苗率、存苗率和成苗率,结果表明:甘野菊与盆菊之间的亲和性高于野菊,不同栽培品种与野生种质之间的差异较大。选择F1超过10株的4个杂交组合,对杂交单株进行扦插扩繁和标准化栽培,统计分析4个数量性状的数据,结果表明:4个数量性状的变异系数(10%~33.57%)较高,其中舌状花数目最高,遗传改良潜力较大;虽然存在超亲现象,但是符合正态分布的比例较低,且平均值都未超越双亲,杂种优势并不明显;数量性状的中亲优势率为-17.9%~6.0%,且多为负向中亲优势。远缘杂交中,性状的遗传规律相对复杂,结合育种目标,选择合适的野生亲本,对于远缘杂交至关重要。 Distant hybridization is an important means to create new flower germplasm.Analyzing the compatibility between germplasm and the genetic law of main quantitative traits will help to carry out variety cultivation more targeted.In this study,8 cultivated varieties of pot chrysanthemum were selected for distant hybridization with Shandong local wild germplasm(Chrysanthemum lavandulifolium var.seticuspe and Chrysanthemum indicum).Through the analysis of seed setting rate,seedling emergence rate,seedling survival rate and seedling formation rate,the results showed that the affinity between pot chrysanthemum and C.lavandulifolium was higher than C.indicum,and there were great differences between different cultivated varieties and wild germplasm.Four hybrid combinations with more than 10 F1 plants were selected for cutting propagation and standardized cultivation of hybrid plants.The data of four quantitative traits were statistically analyzed.The results showed that the coefficient of variation of four quantitative traits(10%~33.57%)was high,among which the number of glossy flowers was the highest,and the potential for genetic improvement was large;Although there is transgressive segregation,the proportion in line with the normal distribution is low,and the average value does not exceed the parents,and the heterosis is not obvious;The median parent dominance of quantitative traits was-17.9%-6.0%,and most of them were negative median parent dominance.In distant hybridization,the genetic law of traits is relatively complex.Combined with breeding objectives,selecting appropriate wild parents is very important for distant hybridization.
作者 雒新艳 李芳 刘英 王辉 卢洁 LUO Xinyan;LI Fang;LIU Ying;WANG Hui;LU Jie(Weifang Vocational College,Weifang Shandong 262737;Shandong Province Forest Seedling and Flower Station,Jinan Shandong 250014)
出处 《山东林业科技》 2023年第3期31-36,共6页 Journal of Shandong Forestry Science and Technology
基金 山东省自然科学基金博士基金项目“山东菊花抗性种质创新与盆菊系列品种开发”(BS2015NY009) 潍坊市科技发展计划“滨海适生优抗地被菊新品种培育研究”(2018GX025)。
关键词 盆菊 远缘杂交 亲和性 数量性状 遗传规律 pot chrysanthemum distant hybridization affinity quantitative traits genetic law
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