算法价格歧视的反垄断法规制路径

Anti-monopoly law regulation path of algorithmic price discrimination

面对算法价格歧视可能产生的负面效果,可以通过类型化分析的方式提出针对性的规制路径。以经营者是否滥用定价算法为标准,可以将其分为理性式算法价格歧视与垄断式算法价格歧视,其中后者产生了一定的负面效果,有必要予以规制。根据实施垄断式算法价格歧视行为的主体多寡,可以细分为单独垄断式算法价格歧视与共谋垄断式算法价格歧视。前者的规制困境主要在于经营者“市场支配地位”的认定,对此可将经营者的数据优势作为推定其具有市场支配地位的重要依据;后者的规制困境主要在于竞争者“合意”的认定,对此可通过“本身违法原则”或“合理推定原则”予以解决。此外,自主类算法不存在竞争者之间的合意,只能通过“滥用市场支配地位”的规制路径予以规制。

In the face of the possible negative effects of algorithmic price discrimination,we can put forward targeted regulatory paths through typological analysis.According to whether the operator abuses the pricing algorithm,it can be divided into rational algorithm price discrimination and monopolistic algorithm price discrimination,of which the latter has a certain negative effect and it is necessary to regulate it.According to the number of subjects who implement monopolistic algorithm price discrimination,it can be subdivided into single monopolistic algorithm price discrimination and collusion monopolistic algorithm price discrimination.The former′s regulatory dilemma mainly lies in the determination of the operator′s"market dominance",for which the operator′s data advantage can be taken as an important basis for inferring its market dominance;The regulatory dilemma of the latter mainly lies in the identification of competitors′"agreement",which can be solved by"se rule"or"reasonable presumption principle".In addition,there is no agreement between competitors in autonomous algorithms,and they can only be regulated through the regulation path of"abusing market dominance".