詹姆斯的意识流学说和现象学的边缘性

James’Stream of Consciousness Theory and the Marginality of Phenomenology

胡塞尔现象学受到詹姆斯意识流的边缘结构的启发,揭示了“原意识”的边缘结构对意识的构造。提出了边缘—视域的概念,这种边缘—视域结构具有构造“意识流”的功能。胡塞尔晚期发生现象学揭示了边缘—视域对先验自我的“构成”,形成了“内时间意识现象学”。海德格尔将胡塞尔的边缘—视域构成功能彻底化,通过“缘在”的筹划揭示了边缘视域的“纯构成”功能和开启存在的终极意义作用。詹姆斯提出的意识的边缘结构,经过胡塞尔现象学的发展,通过海德格尔的改造,成为理解现象学的核心概念——边缘性和视域性,现象学表现为一种对哲学终极问题进行边缘性的研究,哲学表现为终极的边缘构成和存在境域的开启。

Inspired by the marginal structure of James’stream of consciousness,Husserl’s phenomenology reveals how the marginal structure of“original consciousness”constructs consciousness.The concept of margin-horizon is proposed,which has the function of constructing a“stream of consciousness”.Husserl’s late generative phenomenology revealed the“formation”of the transcendental self which constructed by the margin-horizon,forming a“phenomenology of inner time consciousness”.Heidegger thoroughly constructs Husserl’s formative function of margin-horizon,revealing the“pure composition”function of margin-horizon and the ultimate significance of opening existence through the planning of“being there”.After the development of Husserl’s phenomenology and Heidegger's transformation,the marginal structure of consciousness proposed by James has become the core concept of understanding phenomenology—marginality and horizontality,phenomenology is manifested as a marginal study of the ultimate problems of philosophy,and philosophy is manifested as the ultimate marginal formation and the opening of the realm of existence.