折线先张梁滑轮式转向器力学性能的试验研究

Experimental Study on Mechanical Properties of Pulley Steering Gear in Polyline Pretensioned Beams

为研究一种滑轮式转向器的受力特性及性能参数,将其推广于工程应用中,故设计了相应试验方案,通过测量滑轮式转向器在2°、4°、5°、6°、8°及10°共6种转向角度下引起的预应力损失及其竖向受力,研究了其引起预应力损失及竖向受力的变化规律,并提出了滑轮式转向器引起预应力损失及其竖向受力的计算公式。研究发现:滑轮式转向器的摩擦系数随转向角度增大而增大,但总体变化较小,工程常用转向角度4°~8°下摩擦系数在0.055~0.084范围之间;滑轮式转向器引起的预应力损失与转向角度成正比,预应力损失率在0.19%~1.66%之间;滑轮式转向器的竖向受力在4°~8°转向角度下随张拉荷载增加近似呈线性增加,最大竖向力约在15~25 kN范围内;鉴于目前工程常用角度为4°~8°,通过对计算公式进行优化,得到了具有95%保证率的适用公式,为转向器的工程应用及改进提供了一定的理论与数据支持。

To study the stress characteristics and performance parameters of a pulley steering gear and popularize it in engineering applications,a corresponding test scheme was designed.By measuring the loss of prestress and vertical force caused by the pulley steering gear at six steering angles of 2°,4°,5°,6°,8°and 10°,the change law of the loss of prestress and vertical force caused by the pulley steering gear were investigated.The calculation formulae of loss of prestress caused by pulley steering gear and its vertical force were proposed.It was found that the friction coefficients of the pulley steering gear increase with the increase of the steering angles,however,the overall change is small.The friction coefficients commonly used in engineering are 0.055-0.084 at the steering angles of 4°-8°.The loss of prestress caused by pulley steering gear is proportional to the steering angle,and the loss of prestress rates are 0.19%-1.66%.The vertical force of the pulley steering gear increases approximately linearly with the increase of the tensioning load at the steering angles of 4°-8°,and the maximum vertical force is about 15-25 kN.Given that the current standard angles of engineering are 4°-8°,the applicable formula with a 95%assurance rate is obtained by optimizing the calculation formula,which provides theoretical and data support for the engineering application and improvement of the steering gear.