新时代中小学美育建设:问题、原因及对策

The Problems,Causes,and Countermeasures of Aesthetic Education Construction in Primary and Secondary Schools in the New Era

美育在中小学教育中是较为薄弱的环节,主要存在内涵认知和定位偏差、人才匮乏、课程体系不健全、机制不完善、评价体系不健全等问题。其原因主要为教育价值取向的功利性影响以及美育价值功能的认知狭隘性;美育教师培养模式的局限性以及美育课程的重要价值认识不足;大中小学缺乏有效的衔接机制以及美育评价缺乏统一的标准和体系。基于此,对策如下:突出“大美育”理念,构建以美育人的文化环境;加强美育师资队伍建设,完善中小学校美育课程体系;建立美育协同联动工作机制,完善中小学校美育评价体系。

Aesthetics education in primary and secondary schools is relatively weak,and there exist such problems in it as connotation recognition and positioning deviation,shortage of talent,incomplete curriculum system,imperfect institutional mech⁃anisms,and unsound evaluation system.The root cause of these problems lies in the utilitarian influence on educational values and the narrow understanding of the value and function of aesthetics education,the limitations in the cultivation pattern of aesthet⁃ics education teachers and the poor understanding of the vital value of aesthetics curriculum,and a lack of effective linking mech⁃anism between primary and secondary schools and colleges and the shortage of uniform evaluation standards and systems.The countermeasures for these problems can be listed as follows:building a cultural environment of aesthetics education,strengthen⁃ing the construction of teachers’teams in aesthetics education and improving the curriculum system for aesthetics education in pri⁃mary and secondary schools;and establishing collaborative linkage mechanisms for aesthetics education and improving the evalu⁃ation system for aesthetics education in those schools.