聚变堆活化腐蚀产物多尺度可视分析方法研究

Study on multi-scale visual analysis method of activated corrosion products in fusion reactor

聚变能被认为是人类的终极清洁能源,而安全是聚变能发展的生命线。聚变堆冷却管道中的活化腐蚀产物是聚变堆的主要放射性源项,对聚变堆的屏蔽设计、人员防护和事故后果等都有重要影响。随着时间的推移,活化腐蚀产物不断累积,研究活化腐蚀产物在冷却管道中的分布特征对聚变安全有重要意义。现阶段,该领域的专家缺乏一种能够快速有效地分析活化腐蚀产物分布特征的方法。考虑到在研究过程中,根据不同的特性对聚变堆冷却管道的各个部分进行了分类,获得了大量的部件,因此,活化腐蚀产物广泛分布在部件中,由Co57、Co60、Mn54等多种放射性物质组成,活化腐蚀产物的组成和分布随着时间的推移而演变,因此活化腐蚀产物数据是多变量时序数据。针对活化腐蚀产物数据的特点和领域专家的分析需求,设计开发了一套可视分析系统,其主要特点包括:①针对冷却管道部件过多的问题,提出基于多层次聚类分析,以快速选出代表性部件进行深入分析,避免逐一查看所有部件;②针对时间跨度大的问题,基于多粒度划分方法自动提取潜在关键时间段,以聚焦关键时间段;③设计一套多视图联动可视分析系统,通过灵活交互快速得到活化腐蚀产物的整体分布特征。根据上述特点,最终设计了一个基于Web的系统,可以对聚变堆活化腐蚀产物进行多尺度、多粒度分析。国际热核聚变实验堆(ITER)是目前世界上最大的国际合作项目,以ITER反应堆2013—2020年活化腐蚀产物数据为例验证该方法的有效性,表明了该工具有助于选出代表性部件和关键时间段,能大幅度提高工作效率。

Fusion energy is regarded as the ultimate clean energy for human use,and safety is paramount for the advancement of fusion energy.Experts in this field must ensure the safety of the entire process from production to usage.Currently,the problem of activated corrosion products in the cooling pipes of fusion reactors poses a significant challenge to safety.These products are the primary sources of radioactivity in fusion reactors and cause safety problems.They have a critical impact on the shielding design,personnel protection,and accident consequences of fusion reactors.Moreover,the activated corrosion products are distributed throughout the cooling pipe and accumulate over time.Therefore,studying their distribution characteristics in cooling pipes is essential for ensuring fusion safety.At this stage,experts in the field lack a method that can quickly and efficiently analyze the distribution characteristics of the activated corrosion products.During the research process,various parts of the cooling pipe of the fusion reactor were classified according to different characteristics,and a large number of components were obtained.Therefore,the activated corrosion products are widely distributed in the components and are composed of various radioactive substances such as Co57,Co60,and Mn54.The composition and distribution of the activated corrosion products evolve over time;therefore,the activated corrosion product data are multivariate time-series data.Considering the characteristics of the activated corrosion product data and the analytical needs of domain experts,a visual analysis system was designed and developed.Its main features include the following:①To address the problem of too many components of the cooling pipe,it proposed a multi-level clustering analysis approach to divide the components and help domain experts quickly select representative components for in-depth analysis,thereby avoiding checking all components one by one.②The system addressed the challenge of a large time span by automatically extracting potential critical time periods using the multi-granularity division method,thus enabling domain experts to focus on critical time periods.③A set of multi view linkage visual analysis systems was designed to assist domain experts in quickly obtaining the overall distribution characteristics of activated corrosion products through flexible interaction.Based on the above characteristics,a Web-based system that can conduct multi-scale and multi-granularity analyses of fusion reactor activated corrosion products was designed.The International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor(ITER)is currently the largest international cooperation project in the world.The effectiveness of the method was tested using the activated corrosion product data of the ITER reactor from 2013 to 2020.Domain experts pointed out that the tool is useful in selecting representative components and key time periods and can greatly improve their work efficiency.