方言叙事与乡土审美:从语言功能看贾平凹小说方言书写的价值

Value of Dialect Writing in Jia Pingwa’s Novels from the Perspective of Language Function

贾平凹的小说以乡土书写为特色,既写故乡物事,也喜用方言词语,而他在叙事中不限于使用已有的方言,还常常“自创”方言。对关中方言有独特感受的贾平凹式的语言是其小说“方言书写”的真正内涵。作家通过方言元素所负载的文化物事来揭示秦地的人情事理,构建富含秦地气氛的世界,书写充满艺术感的乡土。可以说,民间叙事、文本交互体系的建构、乡土世界摹写三个方面共同搭建了其乡土叙事体系。而方言书写除体现了作家的审美趣味外,还展现出作品语言的情感价值、认同价值以及文化价值等多重向度。

Jia Pingwa’s novels are characterized by native-soil writing,which not only writes about things in his hometown but also likes to use dialect words.In his narrative,he is not limited to using existing authentic dialects,but also often“creates”dialects.The Jia Pingwa style of language,which has a unique feeling for the Guanzhong dialect,is the true connotation of his novels written in dialect.The author reveals the human relationships and principles of the Qin region through the cultural objects loaded with dialect elements,constructs a world rich in the atmosphere of the Qin region,and writes about the artistic countryside.It can be said that the folk narrative,the construction of the text interaction system,and the imitation of the local world jointly build the local narrative system.Dialect writing not only reflects the author's aesthetic taste,but also demonstrates the emotional value,identity value,and cultural value of the language in the works.