社会主义核心价值观融入民事裁判思维的两种路径

Two Paths of Integrating Socialist Core Values into the Civil Judgment Thinking

早期的司法实践中,社会主义核心价值观融入民事裁判思维存在偏差,形成了机械推理型、概念取向型和不恰当衡量型三种裁判思维模式。近年来,将社会主义核心价值观融入司法的成功实践,有助于修正前述偏差。总结最高人民法院公布的三批典型案例,得出启示:一是规则与价值存在辩证关系;二是社会主义核心价值观融入民事裁判思维时存在两种模式,即简单案件注重“规则考量”和疑难案件注重“后果考量”,表现为基于“规则考量”下的“事实-规则-结论”路径与基于“后果考量”下的“后果(预结论)-规则-结论”路径。其理论基础在于法律形式主义与法律现实主义的界分,司法过程的确定性与“法感情”的紧张关系。实务中,应把握两种不同路径下各自的审查重点,即前者更注重事实重构的准确性及规则适用的正确性,后者的关键则在于预测结论及后果论证。

In the early judicial practice,there was a deviation in the integration of socialist core values into civil adjudication thinking,forming three types of adjudication thinking modes:mechanical reasoning,concept-oriented and inappropriate measurement.The integration of socialist core values into the successful practice of justice has helped to correct the aforementioned deviation.I summarize three typical cases published by the Supreme People's Court and draw the following conclusions.There is a dialectical relationship between rules and values.There are two paths when the socialist core values are integrated into the thinking of civil adjudication.The simple cases focus on“rule consideration”and the difficult cases focus on"consequence consideration",which are represented by the"fact rule conclusion"path based on"rule consideration"and the"consequence(pre conclusion)rule conclusion"path based on“consequence consideration”.Its theoretical basis lies in the demarcation between legal formalism and realism and the tension between the certainty of the judicial process and"legal emotion".We should grasp the respective review under two different paths.The former focuses on the accuracy of the reconstruction of facts and the correctness of rule application,while the latter lies in the prediction of results and the demonstration of consequence.