种植密度对扁蓿豆生产性能和光合特性的影响

Effects of planting density on production performance and photosynthetic characteristics of Medicago ruthenica L.

【目的】探究不同种植密度对扁蓿豆生产性能和光合特性的影响。【方法】试验在内蒙古呼和浩特市土默特左旗沙尔沁乡进行,以科尔沁沙地扁蓿豆为材料,采取裂区设计,主区为不同行距处理,设置100、140、180 cm 3个水平,副区为不同株距处理,设置100、80、60 cm 3个水平,分析不同株行距对扁蓿豆鲜草产量、干草产量和种子产量等生产性能,以及净光合速率、气孔导度和蒸腾速率等光合特性的影响。【结果】株行距80 cm×140 cm处理下,扁蓿豆鲜草产量、干草产量最高,分别为29375.000、10784.722 kg/hm^(2);株行距80 cm×100 cm处理下,扁蓿豆种子产量最高,为645.833 kg/hm^(2);株行距80 cm×140 cm处理下,扁蓿豆净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率、叶室内部光强均最高,分别为1.356μmol/(m^(2)·s)、0.018 mol/(m^(2)·s)、0.808 mmol/(m^(2)·s)和1201.544 mol/(m^(2)·s)。【结论】科尔沁沙地扁蓿豆在内蒙古呼和浩特市种植的适宜株距为80 cm,行距为100~140 cm,该密度下其生产性能和光合特性较好。

【Objective】To explore the effects of different planting density on production performance and photosynthetic characteristics of Medicago ruthenica L.【Methods】In Shaerqin Township,Tumd Left Banner,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia,Medicago ruthenica(L.)Trautv cv.‘Keerqinshadi’as experimental materials were planted in split-plot design.The main plot was different row spacing treatment,with three levels of 100,140 and 180 cm.The sub-plot was different plant spacing treatment,with three levels of 100,80 and 60 cm.The effects of different plant and row spacing on the production characteristics of fresh grass yield,hay yield and seed yield of Medicago ruthenica(L.)Trautv cv.‘Keerqinshadi’,as well as the photosynthetic characteristics such as net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance and transpiration rate were analyzed.【Results】Under plant and row spacing of 80 cm×140 cm treatment,the fresh grass yield and hay yield of Medicago ruthenica(L.)Trautv cv.‘Keerqinshadi’were highest,at 29375.000 kg/hm^(2) and 10784.722 kg/hm^(2),respectively.Under plant and row spacing of 80 cm×100 cm treatment,the seed yield of Medicago ruthenica(L.)Trautv cv.‘Keerqinshadi’was the highest,at 645.833 kg/hm^(2).When the plant and row spacing was 80 cm×140 cm,the net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,transpiration rate and light intensity inside the leaf chamber of Medicago ruthenica(L.)Trautv cv.‘Keerqinshadi’were highest at 1.356μmol/(m^(2)·s),0.018 mol/(m^(2)·s),0.808 mmol/(m^(2)·s)and 1201.544 mol/(m^(2)·s),respectively.【Conclusion】The suitable plant spacing of Medicago ruthenica(L.)Trautv cv.‘Keerqinshadi’in Hohhot,Inner Mongolia was 80 cm,and row spacing in the range of 100-140 cm,and the production performance and photosynthetic characteristics were better under this density.