数字乡村建设视域下老年人的数字权利保障

The Digital Rights Protection of the Elderly from the Perspective of Digital Rural Construction

在推进乡村振兴的进程中,数字乡村建设与乡村社会老龄化产生耦合。我国数字乡村建设忽视了乡村老年人的数字权利保障,该群体数字权利体系和救济体系皆不完备,且怠于使用数字技术,难以实现数字权利自我保护,利益相关主体对该群体数字权利保障的参与度亦不高。乡村老年人享有数字人权,系既有权利及依赖于数据信息而享有权利的数字化表达;数字化的社会权利表达包括数字生存保障权与数字受教育权;数据与老年人形成依附关系时具有排他财产权属性,数字人身权保护针对个人数字信息权和数字隐私权。维护乡村老年人的数字权利,须推动乡村老年人数字权利保障入法入规,强化公权力部门在乡村老年人数字权利保障中的积极作为与担当,尝试建构数据信托和数据代管人制度,打造多元利益相关人协同治理格局。

In the process of promoting rural revitalization,digital rural construction is coupled with rural aging society.The digital rural construction in our country has ignored the digital rights protection of the rural elderly.The digital rights system and relief system of the rural elderly are not complete,and they are reluctant to use digital technology and have difficulty in realizing the self-protection of digital rights,and the relevant stakeholders have low participation in the digital rights protection of the rural elderly.The digital human rights enjoyed by the elderly in rural areas are the digital expression of existing rights and rights being dependent on data information.The expression of digitalized social rights includes digital rights of subsistence and digital rights of education;Data and the elderly have exclusive property rights when they form an attachment relationship.Digital personal rights protect digital information rights and digital privacy rights.To safeguard the digital rights of the rural elderly,it is necessary to promote the digital rights protection of the rural elderly into laws and regulations,strengthen the active roles and responsibilities of public power departments in the digital rights protection of the rural elderly,try to construct the data trust and data agent system,and create a coordinated governance pattern of multiple stakeholders.