面向“RNAO-生态”超网络复杂结构的流域水资源治理模式

Water Resources Governance Mode in Watersheds Oriented to“RNAO-Ecology”Hypernetwork Complex Structure

长久以来,流域的整体性与权威碎片化致使我国流域水资源治理成本甚高,向网络治理转型成为近些年流域研究的关注热点并形成广泛共识。强调协调策略的RNAO(Restricted Network Administration Organization)网络结构,相较于西方学者提出的3种传统方案,更符合流域水资源治理本土化的实践需要,而针对RNAO的更为一般化的治理理论则是其理论发展方向。首先,梳理了流域水资源治理“传统-网络-超网络”模式的三维进阶逻辑;其次,将RNAO与“社会-生态”系统理论加以融合,创新地提出了“RNAO-生态”规模匹配的流域超网络治理模式,详细分析了“组织网、行为网、生态网”三层子网的复杂互动机理,从而初步形成了对RNAO的一般性理论构建;最后,针对“联合河长制”与“黑河流域水资源治理”两个案例,分析了RNAO与“RNAO-生态”在中国流域治理实践中的应用现状,并给出未来流域治理网络化转型的相关政策建议和可能的学术议题。

For a long time,the integrity of watersheds and the fragmentation of authority have resulted in high cost of water resources governance in China’s watersheds.The transition to network governance has become a hot topic of watershed research in recent years,and a broad consensus has been formed.Compared with the three traditional schemes proposed by western scholars,the RNAO(Restricted Network Administration Organization)network structure focusing on coordination strategies is more in line with the practical needs of localization of water resources governance in the watersheds.A more general governance theory for RNAO is the direction of its theoretical development.First,this paper sorts out the triple advanced logic of the“traditional-network-hypernetwork”process of water resources governance of watershed research.Secondly,it integrates RNAO and“social-ecological”system theory,innovatively proposes an“RNAO-ecological”scale matched watershed hypernetwork governance mode,and analyzes the complex interaction mechanism of the three-layer sub-network of“organization network,behavior network,and ecological network”in detail,thus initially forming a general theoretical construction of RNAO.Finally,according to the two cases of“united river chief system”and“water resource governance of Heihe watershed”,this paper analyzes the application of RNAO and“RNAO-ecology”system in China’s watershed governance practice and gives relevant policy suggestions and possible academic topics for the future network transformation of watershed governance.