风力机叶片翼型俯仰与动尾翼耦合运动数值仿真

Numerical Simulation of Combined Motions of Wind Turbine Airfoil Flap and Pitch

现代风力机叶片普遍采用变桨系统降低气动载荷。尾缘襟翼是实现飞机机翼载荷控制的一种可行方法,然而由于相关技术尚未成熟,动尾翼尚未实际应用在风力机叶片上。本文采用数值计算模拟和分析动尾翼与翼型俯仰耦合状况下的动态升力变化。采用结构化网格,对尾缘襟翼部分应用浸入边界方法,其余部分仍然沿用传统贴体网格算法,实现了动尾翼的仿真又保证了较高的计算效率。计算结果与风洞实验进行了详细对比,动态升力的变化趋势和大小均显示了较好的吻合,为包含动尾翼的智能叶片开发提供参考。

Modern wind turbine has pitch control systemwhich alleviates aerodynamic loads.Trailing edge flap is a feasible aerodynamic load control device for airplane wings.However,therelevant techniques have not been fully developed.Therefore,the trailing edge flap has not been successfully applied to the wind turbine rotors.The dynamic lift caused by the combined motions of airfoil flap and pitch is simulated through numerical method.The trailing edge part is simulated with an immersed boundary method,and the other part of the airfoil is modeled by a traditional curvilinear mesh,which helps to simulate the trailing edge flap and meanwhile ensure high calculation efficiency.The results were thoroughly compared with the existing wind tunnel experiments.Relatively good agreements were achieved which provide the references for developing the smart blades with trailing edge flaps.