明代书函交际与《金瓶梅》叙事结构

Correspondence Communication in Ming Dynasty and the Narrative Structure of Jin Ping Mei

书函交际是《金瓶梅》故事建构的重要载体,主导了以西门庆家庭为叙事中心的结构脉络,推动了世情小说全新建构体系的建立与成熟。《金瓶梅》书函语言及使用情境与明代日用类书所收录的供市民使用的书函具有极高的相似性,这为研究《金瓶梅》作者身份提供了新视角。在《金瓶梅》叙事建构中,书函交际具有私密性、粘连性与隐匿性三大特征。其中,私密性成为《金瓶梅》的结构基础,粘连性和隐匿性分别推动了《金瓶梅》显性结构与隐性结构的形成。书函的局限性则为反思《金瓶梅》所暴露的明代女性处境提供了新视野。

The letters communication is an important carrier of the story construction of Jin Ping Mei,which dominates the structure context with Ximen Qing family as the narrative center,and promotes the establishment and maturity of the new construction system of the worldly novel.The language and usage situation of Jin Ping Mei are very similar to that of the daily-use letters of Ming Dynasty,which provides a new perspective for the study of the authorship of Jin Ping Mei.In the narrative construction of Jin Ping Mei,the letters communication has three characteristics:privacy,adhesion and concealment.Among these,privacy is the structural basis of Jin Ping Mei,and the adhesion and concealment of letters promote the formation of dominant structure and recessive structure respectively.The limitations of letters provide a new perspective for the reflection of the female situation in the Ming Dynasty exposed by Jin Ping Mei.