基于扫描电子显微镜制样的不同干燥方法对棉花和水稻幼苗叶片制备的差异分析

Analysis of different drying methods for thepreparation of Gossypium hirsutum andOryza sativa seedling leaves based onscanning electron microscope

选取棉花和水稻的幼苗叶片为研究对象,利用扫描电子显微镜(scanning electron microscope,SEM)观察两种不同作物叶片经烘箱干燥法、自然干燥法、临界点干燥法和真空冷冻干燥法处理后的叶表面微观形态,比较不同干燥方法对棉花和水稻叶片表面微观结构的影响。结果表明:含水量为8346%棉花叶片经烘箱干燥法和自然干燥法处理后,叶片近轴面和远轴面均发生严重皱缩现象,采用临界点干燥法和真空冷冻干燥法处理后叶片形态特征较为自然,呈现出较真实的表面特征,尤其是临界点干燥法;含水量为7473%水稻叶片经四种不同干燥法处理后,其叶片表面形态差异较小,均能反映水稻叶片表面真实微观结构。因此,对含水量较高的棉花叶片优选临界点干燥法制备;对含水量相对低的水稻叶片可选简单、经济的自然干燥法处理。

The Gossypium hirsutum.and Oryza sativa leaves of dicotyledonous plant Gossypium hirsutum and monocotyledonous plant Oryza sativa are selected as the research objects.Scanning electron microscope(SEM)is used to observe the differences of leaf surface microstructure of two different plants treated by oven drying,natural drying,critical point drying and vacuum freeze drying.The effect of different drying method on the leaf surface microstructure of Gossypium hirsutum and Oryza sativa is compared.The result show that the Gossypium hirsutum leaves with a water content of 8346%have serious shrinkage on the adaxial and abaxial surface of the leaves treated by oven drying and natural drying.The morphological characteristics of the leaves treated by critical point drying and vacuum freeze drying are more authentic which can present more real surface characteristics,especially the critical point drying.The morphological characteristics of Oryza sativa leaves with 7473%water content treated by four different drying method show little difference,which can reflect the true micro morphology of Oryza sativa leaves.Therefore,the critical point drying method is optimized for Gossypium hirsutum leaves with a high water content;The Oryza sativa leaves with a relatively low water content can be treated by simple and economical natural drying method.