食事与明清女性的自我认识——以《女范捷录》为中心

Food Business and Women's Self-identity in the Ming and Qing Dynasties Seen in Nüfan Jielu

明末节妇刘氏在《女范捷录》中阐述“食物”与女性的关系。她将擅长“中馈”的女性编入“智慧篇”,强调智慧女性的宴宾客才能。她提出“养蒙之节,教始于饮食”的论断,将“食物”作为一种教育媒介,突出“饮食”在蒙养教育中的功能与意义,重视女性在幼童食事教育中的角色与作用。在传统的食事性别分工框架下,刘氏的《女范捷录》为女性之“主中馈”增加了新的意义,赋予食事以教育价值。刘氏关于食事的阐述为理解明清时期女性的自我认识提供了独特的视角。

Lady Liu,a chaste widow in the late Ming period,explained the relationship between food and women in Nüfan Jielu(《女范捷录》).She incorporated women who are good at doing food work at home into"wisdom chapter",praising the wise women’s ability of entertaining guests.She asserted that the children education should start from food and dietary activities.When food was considered as an educational medium,the significance of diet in formative education was highlighted and the role of women in children education was also emphasized.Within the traditional gender role framework,Lady Liu's Nüfan Jielu injected new meaning to women's household food work.Lady Liu's elaboration on food work provides a unique perspective for understanding women's self-identity in Ming and Qing Dynasties.