陕甘宁边区中西医合作方针的确立与实践——以1944年文教大会为线索

Establishment and Practice of the Policy of Cooperation Between Chinese and Western Medicine in ShaanxiGansu-Ningxia Border Region——Taking 1944 Cultural and Educational Conference as the Clue

陕甘宁边区建立初期,群众卫生意识淡薄,疾病肆虐,医疗资源不足,缺医少药又巫神猖獗,加之中西医各自为营,医疗卫生条件相当落后。1944年,随着各项工作的开展,文教事业尤其是卫生事业的建设被提上日程。毛泽东倡议召开文教大会以推进文化教育建设,并首提中西医合作理念。在文教大会筹备期间,关于中医与西医合作的讨论洋洋盈耳。最终于文教大会上正式将其确立为卫生工作方针。在中西医合作方针的指引下,边区开展了合作的实践探索,采取了成立研究会、中西医交流经验及合作诊疗等措施,在普及卫生知识,进行反巫神斗争、治理疾疫及培养医药人才等方面作出了重要贡献。这一方针对边区卫生事业的兴旺发达起到极大的推动作用,进一步影响着新中国的卫生事业。

In the early stage of the establishment of Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia border area,the health awareness of the public was weak,the disease was rampant,the medical resources were insufficient,the lack of medicine and medicine was rampant,coupled with the conflict between Chinese and western medicine,the medical and health care was quite backward.In 1944,with the development of various work,the construction of cultural and educational undertakings,especially health undertakings,was put on the agenda.In the run-up to the conference,discussions on the cooperation between Chinese medicine and Western medicine were rife.The policy was finally formally established at the cultural and educational conference.Under the guidance of the policy of cooperation between Chinese and Western medicine,the border region has carried out practical exploration of bilateral cooperation,taking measures such as setting up research association,exchanging experience between Chinese and Western medicine,and bilateral cooperation in diagnosis and treatment.This side has played a great role in promoting the prosperity of the health undertakings in the border areas,and has further influenced the health undertakings in New China.The practice and exploration of the cooperation between traditional Chinese and Western medicine in the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border area is still of important inspiration and reference significance for the current epidemic control work.