二元技术标准制定绩效的驱动因素:外部网络位置与内部技术能力的权变作用

Factors Driving the Performance of Setting Dual Technical Standards:The Contingent Effect of External Network Position and Internal Technological Capabilities

技术密集型产业中的企业频繁参与二元技术标准的制定。这两种标准分别是渐进型和新型技术标准。它们具有不同的战略属性,两者都深刻影响产业创新发展。采用1988—2010年中国汽车产业企业面板数据研究企业的外部协作研发网络位置与内部技术能力对渐进型和新型技术标准制定绩效的影响。基于零膨胀负二项模型的实证研究结果表明,协作研发网络接近中心性有利于提升企业制定新型技术标准的数量,而对渐进型技术标准的制定绩效没有显著作用;内部技术能力有利于推动企业成为渐进型和新型技术标准的制定者,但不利于企业增加新型技术标准的制定数量;企业在制定新型技术标准时,内部技术能力负向调节协作研发网络接近中心性。因此,协作研发网络接近中心性和内部技术能力对企业的二元技术标准制定绩效发挥权变作用。

In technology-intensive industries firms are often involved in setting two types of technical standards,namely incremental and novel technical standards,which have different strategic attributes and both profoundly affect the development of industrial innovation.Using a panel data of 1,987 companies in the Chinese automotive industry from 1988 to 2010,this paper studies the impact of external collaborative RD network locations and internal technological capabilities on a firm' s performance in setting incremental and novel technical standards.The empirical results based on zero-inflated negative binomial models show that a firm's closeness centrality in the collaborative RD network is conducive to increasing the number of novel technical standards set by the firm,but has no significant effect on its performance in setting incremental technical standards.Internal technological capabilities are helpful for a firm to become a setter of incremental and novel technical standards,but not conductive for it to setting more novel technical standards.When a firm sets novel technical standards,internal technological capabilities negatively moderate its closeness centrality in the collaborative RD network.Therefore,closeness centrality in collaborative RD network and internal technological capabilities have contingent effects on firms' performance in setting the two types of technical standards.