木里煤矿生态环境修复治理模式

Ecological environment restoration and management mode of Muli Coal Mine

木里煤矿位于青海省海西州木里镇,区域属于高寒草甸覆盖区,生态环境脆弱,为了解决高原高寒矿区生态脆弱、敏感,易遭破坏且难于恢复问题,采用以渣山地形地貌重塑技术、高原湖泊水系连通技术、冻土层保护、稀缺煤炭资源保护技术、土壤重构技术、自然生态集排水系统构建技术、高原植被重建技术为核心的高原高寒煤矿开采生态环境修复治理技术,对木里煤矿区露天采坑、渣山及裸露煤层进行了修复治理,实现了2 a复绿,这种集合了水系连通、土壤重构、封填煤层重塑冻土层及草七步法的高原高寒煤矿开采区生态环境修复治理模式对于高海拔高寒矿山环境修复具有重要实践意义。

Muli Coal Mine is located in Muli Town,Haixi Prefecture,Qinghai Province.The area belongs to the alpine meadow coverage area,and the ecological environment is fragile.In order to solve the problems of fragile,sensitive,vulnerable and difficult to recover in the plateau alpine mining area,the ecological environment restoration and management technology of plateau alpine coal mining is adopted,which is based on the terrain and landform remodeling technology of slag mountain,the water system connectivity technology of plateau lake,the protection technology of frozen soil layer,the protection technology of scarce coal resources,the soil reconstruction technology,the construction technology of natural ecological drainage system and the reconstruction technology of plateau vegetation.The open pit,slag mountain and exposed coal seam in Muli Coal Mine area were repaired and treated,and the two-year green recovery was realized.This kind of ecological environment restoration and management mode of plateau alpine coal mining area,which integrates water system connectivity,soil reconstruction,sealing and filling coal seam to reshape permafrost layer and grass seven-step method,has important practical significance for environmental restoration of high-altitude alpine mines.