葡萄酒中矿质元素及其在产地鉴别中应用的研究进展

Research Progress of Wine Region Identification from Perspective of Mineral Element Fingerprints

葡萄酒消费市场日渐繁荣,其质量与原产地信息紧密相关,受到企业、消费者及研究者们的广泛关注。目前,我国仍缺乏葡萄酒产地属性的检测方法,尚未形成健全的产地溯源体系,在市场监管方面还存在较多困难。因此,开发准确、客观、快速的检测方法对促进葡萄酒产业稳定发展、保障消费者权益具有重要意义。葡萄酒中矿质元素指纹由植物与地质环境共同作用而形成,具有自然属性,装瓶后不易被改变,是良好的产地溯源指标。本文概述了新、旧世界葡萄酒中常量元素、微量元素及稀土元素的种类及含量,总结了近15年矿质元素指纹技术在产地鉴别中的应用。结果表明,不同国家葡萄酒中矿质元素含量及种类存在差异,可作为产地追溯的有效指标,其中碱金属元素(Li、Rb、Cs)及碱土金属(Mg、Sr)同位素显示出较强判别能力,可作为后续研究的重点,为我国葡萄酒原产地保护提供参考。

The wine consumption market is becoming increasingly prosperous,and its quality is closely related to origin information,which has attracted extensive attention from enterprises,consumers and researchers.At present,China still lacks testing methods for the wine origin attributes,and a sound traceability system for the place of origin has not been formed.Besides,there still exist many difficulties at the aspect of market supervision.Therefore,it is of great significance to develop accurate,objective and rapid detection methods for the stable development of wine industry and the protection of consumers'rights and interests.Mineral element fingerprints in wine are formed by the joint action of plants and geological environment,which are favourable traceability indicators for the natural properties and not easily being changed after bottling.This paper outlined the varieties and content of macroelement,microelement and rareearth element in wines from the new and old world,and summarized the application of mineral element fingerprinting technology in origin identification in the past 15 years.The results showed that the contents and types of mineral elements in wines from different countries were different,which could be used as effective indicators for origin tracing.Among them,alkali metal elements(Li,Rb,Cs)and alkaline earth metal(Mg,Sr)isotopes showed strong discriminant ability,which could be used as the focus of follow-up research and provide reference for the protection of Chinese wine origin.